Trophic levels (TLs) for individual groups ranged from 1.0 to 4.22. Ecotrophic efficiency for most of the small pelagic fishes was found to be greater than 0.7. For hilsa it was 0.853, indicating high exploitation of this fish within the system. The nBoB was estimated to be a low ...
Undulatus, and conducted trophic levels analysis. Thirteen species were detected, including Arthropoda, Chordata and Annelida. Crabs of the Xanthidae family were the most important food item, such as Etisus sp., Luniella pubescens and Liomera rugata, accounting for 61.8%, 6.7% and 1.8%, ...
where higher trophic levels seem to be more tolerant to climate stress than lower trophic levels, a pattern which partly has been confirmed for single environmental stressors by two previous studies9,41. However, other species-specific trait characteristics may additionally contribute to marine trophic...
Watch complete video answer for “Amount of living material present in different trophic levels” of Biology Class 12th. Get FREE solutions to all questions from chapter ECOSYSTEM.
Both a high number of species and abundance in multiple trophic levels are required for ecosystems to continue to provide the services humans require of them. Numerous experiments have shown that the loss of biodiversity within single trophic groups — g
Pasquaud S, Pillet M, David V et al (2010) Determination of fish trophic levels in an estuarine system. Estuar Coast Shelf Sci 86:237–246 Article CAS Google Scholar Paterson AW, Whitfield AK (1997) A stable carbon isotope study of the food-web in a freshwater-deprived South African es...
Ser. Published October 17 NOTE Multiple trophic levels in soft-bottom communities John A. Commitol~*& William G. Ambrose, Jr.2 ' Department of Biology, Hood College, Frederick, Maryland 21701, USA Department of Marine Zoology and Marine Chemistry, University of Oslo, Oslo 3, Norway ABSTRACT:...
Copepods, amphipods and cod represent prey types from 3 dis- tinct trophic levels ranging from 2.0 to 3.6 (Hobson & Welch 1992) and thus complicate analyses of the rela- tive contributions of prey from each of these cate- gories. In addition, intact and well-preserved squid Gonatus Eabnc...
Results indicate that trophic groups are aligned around four trophic levels (TL) with phytoplankton and detritus at the TL=1, while large-sized pelagic fish and cetaceans are top predators (TL>4.0). The fishery is located at an intermediate to low trophic level (TL=2.97), removing about 15...
This may be particularly the case when considering the likely stronger influence of biotic interactions across trophic levels for the latter22. It is also not clear whether the strong effects of plant species richness on multifunctionality observed in previous, species-poor forests6,8,9,10 are ...