The raised and discolored area of a bump or bruise results from blood leaking from these injured blood vessels into the tissues as well as from the body's response to the injury. A bruise is medically referred to as a contusion. A purplish, flat bruise that occurs when blood leaks out ...
Bruises that are raised, firm, multiple, and occur without any injury can be a sign of various types of "autoimmune" diseases (diseases in which the body attacks its blood vessels). Each of these should be evaluated by a doctor. Why do bruises occur more frequently in some people than in...
Use of vitamin E as an antioxidant has led to controversial results; it has been investigated as a treatment for NASH or NAFLD in two large randomized clinical trials [80,81]. Vitamin E therapy, as compared with placebo, was associated with a significantly higher rate of improvement in adult...
All patients were encephalopathic, had a raised bilirubin (range 160–585 μmol/l, median 404), raised ALT (range 298–1645 IU/l, median 642) and prolonged PT (range 25–265 s, median 46.5). All 6 patients had necrosis on biopsy or explanted liver. All patients were on NNRTI based ...
Giovannoni G et al (1997) Raised serum nitrate and nitrite levels in patients with multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Sci 145:77–81 ArticlePubMedCASGoogle Scholar Giovannoni G (1998) Cerebrospinal fluid and serum nitric oxide metabolites in patients with multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler 4:27–30 ...
However, this strengthened immunosuppressive strategy has raised concerns about an increased risk of serious infection and a potential reduction in the antitumor efficacy of ICIs in cancer patients [11]. The Janus kinase–signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK–STAT) signaling pathway is...
The median bilirubin level was 2.75 mg/dl, and a median MELD Score of 19.0 was calculated. Analyses of the CLIF Consortium acute-on-chronic liver failure (CLIF-C ACLF) score showed a median of 42.5. Of the patients with CPH, six presented with emergency variceal hemorrhage. Seven of the ...
Effectiveness of phototherapy with and without probiotics for the treatment of indirect hyperbilirubinaemia in preterm neonates: a randomised controlled trial Introduction: Raised serum bilirubin levels can cause kernicterus, and premature infants are at increased risk owing to metabolic immaturity. The stan...
[141]. This has raised concerns about the safety of immunotherapy, as irAEs typically emerge several months later, well beyond the assessment period (1–2 months) of early clinical safety studies [142,143]. Additionally, due to the limited number of patients in early clinical studies, it is...
Patients with PCNSL typically emerge within weeks with neurological symptoms, such as focal neurological impairments (56–70%), altered mental state and behavior (32–43%), signs of raised intracranial pressure (headache, nausea, vomiting, optic papilledema; 32–33%), and seizures (11–14%) [...