The transport secretary also urged the mayor to extend the central London congestion charging zone to cover the same areas as the“Ultra Low Emission Zone”from October 2021. Extending the zone to the north and south circular roads would increase its size 18-fold. In a reply on October 6, ...
Low-emission bus zones have helped reduce dangerous toxic air in parts of the United Kingdom capital by 94 percent, according to an annual report from Transport for London, or TFL. Data from its Travel in London study showed the number of Londoners living in areas where the amount of nitrog...
Low-emission zones (LEZs) have been implemented widely in Europe to tackle air pollution sourced from vehicular emissions. We quantify the effectiveness of the world's largest LEZ—London's LEZ—in reducing its target pollutant, PM10. Using a difference-in-difference (DID) framework, we find ...
The consequences for travel patterns of these lifestyle changes were first analysed using the STEAM travel demand model, which took as its starting point the figures for current individual travel patterns based on Scottish data in the UK National Travel Survey (Department for Transport2016). The Sc...
The Vulmob indicator is suited for assessing the impact of LEZs on vulnerabilities.The impact of a LEZ on vulnerable households in Grenoble, France is studied.Vulnerable households would be more affected by the LEZ than non-vulnerable ones.Vulnerable households are more likely to remain without an...
markets in more sustainable directions. For example, London is requiring all newly licensed taxis to be zero-emission capable from 2018. This has resulted in five vehicle manufacturers committing to meeting that deadline, which is both in their own commercial interests and good for the environment...
emission process is eliminated. For electrons in the strong nonequilibrium conditions (Te\(\gg\)TL), however, dissipationless transport appears to be challenging and has never been addressed because electron cooling occurs spontaneously at an intrinsically fast speed due to rapid electron–phonon ...
The effects of phonon mode depletion induced by the phonon confinement and the corresponding variation in interphonon scattering, which may be important for the thermal conductivities of ultra-thin films but are often neglected in precedent studies, are considered in this study. The in-plane thermal...
1.Offering incentives to maintain a low-emission vehicle 2.Providing travel coupons or allowances to take public transport 3.Installing charging points for electric vehicles in office spaces 4.Encouraging travel in company-provided buses or vans instead of cars ...
The inlet was mounted on the backpack’s shoulder strap to sample air within the participant’s breathing zone. Particles were collected on a Teflon filter (PallFlex, Pall, Port Washington, NY, USA) downstream of the nephelometer. For a subset of participants, particle number concentration (...