Define transparent. transparent synonyms, transparent pronunciation, transparent translation, English dictionary definition of transparent. allows objects to be seen clearly through it: clear water is transparent; crystalline Not to be confused with: tra
barrier ( 魏 L 1), where 魏 is the decay constant of the evanescent wave, the phase time becomes independent from the length (Hartman effect), so that apparent superluminal velocities (independently from unresolved questions about their physical meaning) are possible increasing length in this ...
Using three-dimensional particle-in-cell (3D PIC) simulations we show that both the electron injection and the electron retention problems can be successfully solved by employing a ~10-μm-thick near-critical target irradiated by a helical laser beam. We consider a 3 PW, 29 fs laser bea...
We first utilize the definition ofAPTand PAR to define the upper limit for TPVs in agrivoltaics with maximum transparency. For this work, we assume the use of single-junction modules and perfectly sharp cutoffs where the transmittance is 1 between 395 and 715 nm (a wavelength range dictated ...
In response to the implementation of the above improvements, this chapter demonstrates the path of transformation from the concept level (DIKWP) to the practical level (semantic space). For example, by clarifying legal responsibilities and consequences, it strengthens the legal definition and ethical ...
(κ L ≫ 1), where κ is the decay constant of the evanescent wave, the phase time becomes independent from the length (Hartman effect), so that apparent superluminal velocities (independently from unresolved questions about their physical meaning) are possible increasing length in this limit. ...
The definition of the percentage residual luminance is 𝐿𝑟=𝐿𝑡/𝐿𝑖×100%,Lr=Lt/Li×100%, (5) where 𝐿𝑟Lr stands for percentage residual luminance, and 𝐿𝑡Lt and 𝐿𝑖Li are luminance at time 𝑡t and initial luminance, respectively. According to Figure 7e, the...
This assumption of isotropy also allows for the definition of a quantity u′ to quantify the fluctuations, which is calculated as the average of the fluctuations in the three directions: 𝑢′≡13((𝑢′1)2 +(𝑢′2)2 +(𝑢′3)2 )−−−−−−−−−−−−−−...
(4) time tT1 for heat confinement inside the filament radius: t >> tT1 = rf2/(4χ), (28) at which the propagation of heat beyond the filament radius rf becomes really significant due to the above definition of the parameter tT1, as the time of heat confinement inside the filament ...