Although conditional P-values are often proportional to marginal P-values, it is possible that cell type with higher marginal P-value results in less conditional P-value for a pair of cell types (i.e. pb,a < pa,b). Therefore, when PSa,b < 0.2 and PSb,a ≥ 0.2, the...
Could changes in levels of circulating lipid species be predictive of disease? This study reveals that polygenic scores for a range of complex traits are associated with changes in concentration of circulating lipid species.Tabassum, RubinaMars, Nina...
In the context of human traits, most often only additive genetic factors are considered for the genetic variance (parameter \({\sigma }_{A}^{2}\), estimate VA) and the ratio of variances is the narrow-sense heritability. Latent model A collection of formalized assumptions to describe a ...
How does natural selection affect single-gene versus polygenic traits? Why is it important to have a large gene pool? Why are mutations the source of genetic variation? Why are some species dominant? Why would alleles not go to fixation?
While dominant and recessive traits may seem straightforward, note that not all traits have this simple inheritance pattern. Other types ofgenetic inheritancepatterns includeincomplete dominance, co-dominance, andpolygenic inheritance. Due to the complexity of how genes are inherited, specific patterns can...
Carcass traits are regulated by polygenic effects [4,5]. Transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) revealed differential expression ofCRELD1andDNAJC30in the breast muscle of white recessive rock chickens compared to Xinghua chickens [6]. RNA-seq analysis identifiedPRKG2as an important candidate gene assoc...
The causal gene for a genetic association is often the closest gene to the specific variant [75, 76]. Next, mapping the variants to genetic elements using BioMart annotations [42] identified a range from 0 (gastroesophageal cancer) to 560 (BC#1) protein-coding genes, and relatively minor ...
SNPs) as proxies for a putative risk factor to untangle the problems of reverse causation (as genetic variants are fixed at conception, hence genetically-predicted levels of risk factors must precede any event) and unmeasured confounding (as genetic variants are often specific in their associations...
Many human traits are controlled by more than one gene. These traits are calledpolygenic traits. The alleles of each gene have a minor additive effect on the phenotype. There are many possible combinations of alleles, especially if each gene has multiple alleles. ...
Symptomatically, psychiatric disorders are often accompanied by alterations in energy intake, energy expenditure and body composition. Recent genetic analyses of BMI found an important role for genes expressed in the brain and specific brain cell types22, suggesting that BMI may be a metabo-behavioural...