Learn what defines Garrett Hardin's Tragedy of the Commons, how it impacts the environment, other real-life examples, proposed solutions, and...
"The Tragedy of the Commons" is a term used to describe what happens to common resources as a result of human greed. It was first coined in an article in Science in 1968 by Garrett Hardin. The commons dilemma was seen long before Hardin, but he brought widespread attention to it and de...
The need to save the resource users from themselves provides, independent of the need to internalize other large-group externalities, a particularly compelling case for governmental intervention. I use the definition set forth in this Article to analyze a problem that has not been previously ...
Revisiting the commons: local lessons, global challenges Science, 284 (5412) (1999), pp. 278-282 Google Scholar Paavola, 2012 J. Paavola Climate change: the ultimate tragedy of the commons? Cole D.H., Ostrom E. (Eds.), Property in Land and Other Resources, Lincoln Institute of Land ...
Individuals have an incentive to not provide public goods because the benefits of providing them are spread among many people, whereas only the altruists bear the cost. Thus, the provision of public goods is very much like the classic “tragedy of the commons” situation introduced by Hardin (...
Resources (IUCN), the global commons are those parts of the earth that stretch beyond national jurisdictions. However, other terms have also made it onto the list of global commons, including cyberspace, arts, culture, language, science, etc., since these belong to the common heritage of ...
A TRAGEDY OF THE PUBLIC KNOWLEDGE 'COMMONS'? Global Science, Intellectual Property and the Digital Technology Boomerang 2000. "A Tragedy of the Public Knowledge 'Commons'? Global Science, Intellectual Property and the Digital Technology Boomerang." Stanford Institute for ... PA David - 《...
resource deterioration, we study the effect of increased ambiguity (i.e., uncertain probabilities pertaining to the common resourceʼs sustainable size). We show that whereas increased risk may lead to more selfish behavior (i.e., to more consumption), increased ambiguity may have the opposite...
In 1968 evolutionary biologist Garrett Hardin published "The Tragedy of the Commons" in the peer-reviewed journalScience, which addressed the growing concern of overpopulation. Hardin used an example of sheep grazing land, taken from the early English economist William Forster Lloyd.2 Grazing lands t...
Using Aristotle's definition of the tragedy as a metaphor, the essay interprets the tragedy of the commons to highlight the critical role and socio-political importance of the emotions of fear and pity for its resolution and for furtheri... RZ Zhumashova - 《Science.education.engineering》 ...