Tragedies of the Commons happen because of the small contributions of many, and hence they require organized and enforced collective action to prevent their occurrence. Examples are described, including the Great Stink of 1858 and (in particular) the Great Smog of 1953, both in London. The Great...
This chapter examines recent Japanese legal responses to challenges in an era of "underuse" from the perspective of the "tragedy of the commons" presented by G. Hardin and the "tragedy of the anti-commons" presented by M. Heller.doi:10.1007/978-981-15-6641-7_5Narufumi Kadomatsu...
1. (Theatre) (esp in classical and Renaissance drama) a play in which the protagonist, usually a man of importance and outstanding personal qualities, falls to disaster through the combination of a personal failing and circumstances with which he cannot deal 2. (Theatre) (in later drama, such...
That individuals acting out of their own self-interest can be worse off than had they coordinated is termed a "tragedy of the commons" - a concept introduced nearly 50 years ago by the ecologist Garrett Hardin. (The use of the term "tragedy" denotes its inevitability). However, the origina...
Under a general constant elasticity of substitution (CES) function, this paper generalizes the substitution of concurrent possession of a property right—from perfect substitutes to partial substitutes to perfect complements—in the context of commons/anticommons tragedies. We demonstrate that when the pos...
“On the Nature of Things” (by Lucretius) (+++): Written in the first century BC, the book is a great exercise of observation and deduction. The author tries to describe the universe, matter, the forces, death, the soul, etc. [Twitter thread]. “Sense and Sensibility” (by Jane Aus...
The seminal work by Garret Hardin nearly 40 years ago on the " Tragedy of the Commons" clearly resonates within the Information Communication Technology (I... Iannela,Renato - 《IEEE Technology & Society Magazine》 被引量: 0发表: 2017年 The Tragedy Prototype of the Paradox between Apollo and...
Assumptions which served as basis for common-pool resources; Characteristics of resource users; Complexity of the process in the design of rules for the use of common-pool resources.OstromElinorAnnual Review of Political ScienceOstrom, E. (1999). Coping with tragedies of the commons. Annual ...
The four cases of cross-border management of water resource reviewed in this chapter include the Northwest Atlantic ground-fishery, the Columbia River anadromous fishery, the Colorado River Compact water allocation system, and the Great Lakes Commission and Compact. They illustrate the associated ...
Processing power doubles every 18 months and will exceed the cadoi:10.2139/ssrn.2403683Dirk HelbingSSRN Electronic JournalHelbing D., Economics 2.0: The Natural Step towards a Self-Regulating, Participatory Market Society. (2013) 10:1 Evolutionary and Institutional Economic Review 3....