With regards to negative reciprocity and the risk of punishment, supranational mediators for trade disputes might be able to alleviate concerns of both sides by delegating punishment to a neutral and transparent court, increasing predictability of the process. 13 282 A. Korff, N. Steffen ...
Given the political will to overcome the initial tariff losses, structurally the biggest challenge for African integration will be how extremely unequal partners such as South Africa and Botswana, both upper-middle-income countries, can be integrated with surrounding low-income countries like Mozambique,...
The literature has also documented that financial frictions distort firms' export deci- sions and act as an important barrier to international trade (e.g., Amiti and Weinstein 2011; Foley and Manova 2015; Kohn et al. 2016; Leibovici 2021; Minetti and Zhu 2011). Access to finance would ...