This chapter describes four different examples of the regulation of toxin production. As an example of regulation via a transcriptional activator, the Bacillus cereus PlcR regulon is presented. Regulation via a two-component system is exemplified by the Bordetella pertussis BvgA/S system, and complex...
16. The drug may limit the ability of the virus to invade the crypt cells of the small intestine and decrease gastrointestinal bacteria colonization and toxin production. 该药能限制病毒入侵小肠的滤泡细胞,减少胃肠道细菌滋生和毒素产生。 17. In this paper, the adsorption characteristics of Bt toxin...
The Diphtheria Toxin as Example of an A–B Toxin Diphtheria toxinbelongs to the so-called bifunctional A–B toxins (Figure 2-10). Portion A mediates theenzymatic activityresponsible for haltingprotein synthesisin the target cell while portion B binds to a cell receptor and mediates the translocat...
1.(Pathology) any of various poisonous substances produced by microorganisms that stimulate the production of neutralizing substances (antitoxins) in the body. See alsoendotoxin,exotoxin 2.(Biology) any other poisonous substance of plant or animal origin ...
The efficacy of an antibiotic in human or experimental infection is presumed to be proportional to its in vitro antimicrobial activity, yet antibiotics having comparable in vitro activity may have markedly different efficacies in vivo. For example, we have reported that clindamycin is more efficacious...
Exotoxin A is a major virulence factor of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This toxin binds to a specific receptor on animal cells, allowing endocytosis of the toxi... J.,Morlon-Guyot,J.,... - 《Infection & Immunity》 被引量: 40发表: 2009年 Role of Vfr in regulating exotoxin A production by ...
Specifically, it remains uncertain whether these compounds have a toxic or deterrent effect on grazers; only, the latter is consistent with toxins as defensive tools. Here, we show that 10 of 12 species or strains of toxic dinoflagellates were consumed at lower rates than a similarly sized ...
CTB is known to be devoid of activity in this assay29 and recom- binant LTB (rLTB) lacked ADP-ribosyltransferase activity in the standard mouse Y-1 adrenal cell toxin assay (data not shown). In this experiment, rLTB served as a negative control and 1 nM d-cAMP served as a positive ...
is a stable protein, often anuclease, the antitoxin is typically labile, with quick turnaround, and has to be constantly synthesized. Under stressful circumstances, when the production of antitoxin is perturbed, the toxin is unleashed, leading to cell dormancy or death. Given thatvirus infection...
Although these latter proteins are called autotransporters, it is now known that both secretion steps require the activity of a number of additional cellular proteins. A typical example of an autotransporter is the IgA1 protease of Neisseria spp. Enterotoxins cause symptoms of gastrointestinal disease...