bottom up and top down教学法 底向上教学法(bottom-up approach)是一种从具体事物出发,逐步递进地进行学习和教学的方法。在这种方法中,学习者首先掌握基础的知识和技能,然后逐步建立对更复杂、抽象概念的理解和应用能力。底向上教学法注重细节和具体情境的学习,强调学习的扎实和逐渐拓展知识结构。 顶向下教学法(top...
A bottom-up approach, on the other hand, looks at the fundamental and qualitative metrics of multiple companies and picks the company with the best prospects for the future—the more microeconomic factors. Both approaches are valid and should be considered when designing a balanced investment portfo...
2) Bottom-up approachC++ used the bottom-up approach for project development. It is an alternative approach to the top-down approach.In this approach, bottom level modules developed first (Lower level module developed, tested and debugged). Then the next module developed, tested and debugged....
Bottom-up教学法: Bottom-up教学法强调从基础、细节和实际情况出发,逐步建立学生的理解和知识体系。它的特点包括: 由点到面:Bottom-up教学法开始于具体的事例、实例、案例或细节,然后逐步推导出更广泛的概念和原则。 实践导向:学习过程注重学生实际参与,通过实际操作、实验、案例分析等来构建知识。 个体化:强调适应学...
Top-Down以及Bottom-Up机制 从这样的角度出发,我们可以发现大多数情况下我们所进行的表征学习或者判别式模型的构建均考虑的是自底向上型的构建(图像分类、文本分类、图像分割等);而各种生成类的任务(图像生成、文本生成等),尤其是图像生成任务,则更多考虑的是自上而下式的引导,而这与我们大脑的工作机制确实也极其相...
老师您好,学完了Fix Income这门课,我发现Top-down approach实现从分析宏观经济形势入手,再细分行业sector,然后挑选优质的个股equity/bond,但是Bottom-up approach是先把相似credit risk或者发行人归为一类,然后从里面找到具有相对更高价值的个股,但是后者怎样体现Bottom-up(自下而上)呢?能不能再具体讲一讲这两种方法...
Bottom Up Approach (BUA), which is based on unit prices coming from similar equipment or from manufacturer consulting, is very valuable and gives better cost estimations than TDA when it can be applied, that is at a rather late stage of the design. Both approaches are complementary when some...
When to use the Top-Down Approach? Scenario-based Example for Top-Down Approach What is a Bottom-Up Approach? How Does a Bottom-Up Approach Work? When to use the Bottom-Up Approach? Scenario-based Example for Bottom-Up Approach Key Differences of Top-Down and Bottom-Up Approaches ...
Unlike a top-down teaching approach, which takes a macro view of a subject first, a bottom-up teaching approach begins with the component parts of a subject, and gradually builds up to the whole. For example, in an ESL class, a bottom-up approach would begin with things such...
This article presents examples of action research as a "bottom-up" approach that involves and empowers supervisees. "Top-down" approaches are usually model specific and stem from the practice, theory, and philosophy of supervision espoused by a supervisor relative to the context in which the ...