Low risk appetite.This is similar to conservative risk tolerance and is called the ‘risk-averse’ level. Companies with low-risk levels tend to avoid risks that could lead to significant losses, even if their risk-taking returns are higher. Influencing factors & drivers for risk The level of...
Another commonly used parameter to evaluate ethanol tolerance is cell survival at prohibitive ethanol concentrations [7,11,12]. Ability to survive a few hours of exposure to very high ethanol levels (hereafter referred to as ethanol shocks) provides an easy method for screening tolerant yeasts [7,...
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory immune-mediated disease characterized by aberrant, pro-inflammatory CD4+T cells in the central nervous system (CNS) that cause non-traumatic disability in young adults [1,2]. MS is traditionally divided into three main clinical types: relapsing–remitting ...
Understanding pathophysiological drivers leading to aggressive forms of RCC and metastatic dissemination is, for this reason, of critical importance5. NGS analysis of advanced RCC and phylogenetic reconstruction of tumor evolution through multiregional sequencing have identified genetic lesions and patterns ...
Gene pairs located on the same chromosome or scaffold are defined as tandem repeats, while those located on different chromosomes are defined as segmental repeats, and the rest are defined as uncertain. TBtools was used to calculate the non-synonymous (Ka) and synonymous (Ks) substitution rates ...
In these two settings, although the threshold for antigen persistence is the same, the pathways of tolerance induction are mechanistically distinct: under prophylactic conditions, antigen-specific T cells are deleted or anergized whereas during ongoing EAE, tolerance involves the downregulation of T-...
To compare the temperature sensitivity of the investigated resonant modulators in a fair way, we use the 10% eye tolerance window as a figure of merit in this study. It is defined as the range within which the modulator’s temperature is allowed to change before the transmitted eye height (...
(Edwards et al.2015; Liu et al.2019; Brown et al.2020) but little is known about the mechanisms behind this relationship. Plant–microbe associations are complex, and studies using holistic approaches that account for both environmental and genetic variables as drivers of these relationships are ...
Tightness–looseness in the cultural context is defined by Witkin and Berry (1975: 16) as the “degree of hierarchical structure among sociocultural elements in a society” and addresses issues of pressure to conform and social control. According to Triandis (1989: 511), “ingroup members behave...
The c-MAF negative population is defined by gating on FOXP3+RORγt− Treg cells from Maf∆Treg mice (solid grey). Bottom, frequency of c-MAF expression in TH17 cells in control (n = 6) and Maf∆Treg (n = 9) mice from 3 independent experiments....