Leaf area index (LAI) values vary from 0 to 7. Evergreen and Deciduous have a value of 5, during the full leaf period, while agriculture has a value between 2 and 4 during the summer period. During the winter months, this value drops to 0.2 for seasonal vegetation. Root depth (RD) ...
Since the amplitude of piezoelectric ceramics at resonance is hundreds of times greater than at normal frequencies, piezoelectric ceramics can be used as an actuator to convert into mechanical energy with maximum efficiency [7,8]. In a piezoelectric ceramic actuator, a piezoelectric ceramic material ...