The complexity of the model motivates us to divide the solution approach into three sub-algorithms to achieve a modular and better-structured solution. The main algorithm 1 (Section 5.2.1) serves as the core of our approach. It is apt for balancing the two objective functions by iteratively ...
Many different formulas of varying complexity are used today to measure lifetime value. The simplest formula for measuring customer lifetime value is: CLV = Avg Total Order Amount * Avg # Purchases Per Year * Retention Rate In other words, customer lifetime value is the average order total ...
The ease of use still outweighs the increased complexity and overhead. The sample implementation provided in the download uses a background thread to synchronize the performance counter to the system time. An illustration of how this implementation manages to keep itself close to the...
and increase in free access to imagery and data storage, over the recent years, intensive involvement, training and accessibility to required technological infrastructure is required to enable this technology to be used and developed further to address more specific and intricate ecological questions. ...
The calculation results of the three hyperchaotic sequences are shown in Table 3. It can be seen that the hyperchaotic sequence generated by the system has excellent complexity and can be used in image encryption, chaotic secure communication, and other fields. Secondly, the discrete memristor ...
ProblemComplexity and solution methodReference O2|UET,τj=σj|Cmax Strongly NP-hard Yu et al. (2004) O2|p1j=p2j,τj=σj|Cmax Strongly NP-hard Dell’Amico and Vaessens (1996) O2|τj=σj|Cmax 32-approximation algorithm Strusevich (1999) O2|UET,τj=σj|Cmax 32−12n and 54-approx...
train/val/test setssaits.fit(dataset)# train the model on the datasetimputation=saits.impute(dataset)# impute the originally-missing values and artificially-missing valuesindicating_mask=np.isnan(X)^np.isnan(X_ori)# indicating mask for imputation error calculationmae=calc_mae(imputation,np.nan_...
Section 3.2 discusses the feature selection process conducted to ensure data quality and reduce model complexity. Section 3.3 mainly covers the relevant experimental details. Data preparation The data used in this study is derived from historical records of 58 wells in a southwestern oilfield in China...
Novel techniques for improving NNetEn entropy calculation for short and noisy time series Hanif Heidari Andrei Velichko Muhammad E. H. Chowdhury Nonlinear Dynamics (2023) The dynamical complexity of seasonal soundscapes is governed by fish chorusing Shashidhar Siddagangaiah Chi-Fang Chen Almo Fa...
(Poirer 2004). Simulating scattering at this complexity is probably excessive, but realistic rendering requires modeling at least two distinct layers below the oily layer responsible for specular reflection. Donner and Jensen 2005 demonstrate that a single-layer model is insufficient and ...