Nonunion of properly treated fractures is rare, but malunion of type III injuries has been reported. These patients may be seen with clinical instability and a mechanical block to full extension of the knee. For symptomatic patients, mobilization of the tibial spine, excision of excess bone, an...
3 concluded in their article that “the collateral ligaments are more important than the anterior cruciate, and for the sake of early mobilization we would be prepared to sacrifice an anterior cruciate and carry out a late reconstruction if necessary”. However, this concept has been challenged ...
The surgical goal is to achieve anatomical reduction of the fracture, provide bone grafting and sturdy fixation, restore lower limb alignment, and allow early knee joint mobilization. However, surgical treatment is highly challenging, and improper management can lead to serious complications [10, 19,...
The duration of external fixation was reduced resulting in a low rate of pin-site infection, less patient pain and discomfort, and earlier patient rehabilitation and mobilization. Some authors emphasized canal reaming and intramedullary nail insertion may disrupt and injure the bone marrow, causing ...
Cardiopulmonary problems may delay mobilization, metabolic problems such as diabetes affect healing and increase the risk of infection,4 and vascular disease in the extremities slows healing of bone and soft tissue. Osteoporotic bone is associated with implant failures. Altered immune states and poor ...