Thus, we introduced an additional axial phase shift to construct the seven-dimensional separation matrix (Supplementary Note 1). Specifically, in addition to the conventional lateral phase shifts spaced by 2π/5, another axial phase shift was implemented that was spaced by π/2 during illumination...
There is provided a polymer electrolyte membrane having two phases: a domain phase comprising an electrolyte polymer (a) and a matrix phase comprising a polymer (b) that inhibits swelling of component (a), the membrane also having a three-dimensional structure that can conduct protons and ...
The cardiomyocyte nuclei were stained with DAPI to compare microvascular organization with the surrounding cardiac cells during rapid ventricular wall proliferation and thickening. Images of cardiac nuclei (Fig.1g) obtained in the same hearts as the vascular images were processed using a two-dimensional ...
In the past decade, organoid and organ-on-a-chip cancer models have rapidly gained attention as alternatives to traditional two-dimensional cell cultures a
Spheroids cultured for 5 days were placed on the matrix and monitored for cell invasion under a microscope after 24, 48, and 72 hours. ImageJ software was used to measure the area covered by cells, and percent changes were calculated with respect to the area measured in the absence of ...
The Institute of Cancer Research. Invasion of surrounding normal tissues is a defining characteristic of malignant tumors. We provide here a simple, semi-automated micro-plate assay of invasion into a natural 3D biomatrix that has been exemplified with
Subsequently, the already individual nuclei and the decomposed cell nuclei are reassembled and combined to a component matrix. Feature measurements such as the centroids and volumes of the objects are computed for each nucleus and stored in an Excel sheet. Implementation The method is implemented in...
napus. In this case, the phenotype based on whole seeds was unable to sufficiently reveal the complex genetic characteristics of seed oil content. Results Here, the three-dimensional (3D) distribution of lipid was determined for B. napus seeds by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and 3D ...
though the latter takes place in a sheet-like manner17,18. Another example is elongation of the rod-like skeletal anlage in the vertebrate limb that is attributable to a highly structured columnar arrangement of chondrocytes embedded within abundant extracellular matrix and to oriented rearrangement of...
Three- dimensional (3D) stereoscopic movies are ubiquitous in the entertainment industry, but find limited use in other sectors because they are actually two-dimensional (2D) images that rely on binocular disparity to trick the brain into seeing a 3D image4. Volumetric 3D displays are spatially ...