The paravertebral line is readily seen on the anteroposterior roentgenogram of the thoracic spine and is often apparent on the frontal roentgenograms of the chest.2. A segmental paraspinal bulge with associated destruction of the disc space almost invariably indicates an underlying infection鈥...
The mobility of thethoracic spineis much more restricted than that of thecervical spine, because it has additional support from the rib cage. This region requires greater force to disrupt its integrity and thus has a much lower incidence of fractures (Fig. 104-5). However, because the thoraci...
The costovertebral joints are between the head of the rib, the vertebral body, and the intervertebral disc. The costotransverse joint is between the costal tubercle and the tip of the transverse process. The many different joint planes throughout the different segments of the thoracic spine and...
intervertebral foramen by intervertebral disc bulge Measurement of occlusion of the spinal canal and Background: Disc protrusion has been proposed to be a possible cause of both pain and stenosis in the lower spine. No previous study has described the amou... M Cuchanski,D Cook,D Whiting,.....
Disc spaces: There is a persistent asymmetric broad-based disc bulge, right greater than left, at the T11-T12 level. This produces mass effect on the ventral portion of the thoracic cord and moderately narrows the central canal. Previously noted epidural disc material is improved when compared ...
CONCLUSION: Degenerative MRI findings beyond a mild grade were not commonly observed in the thoracic spine among 35-70-year-old men. Posterior bulges, in particular, were rare. The highest correlation with age existed for disc signal. Different MRI findings were associated with one another, but...