spineadults and pediatricsanatomyBackground: Numbering of the thoracic spine on MRI can be tedious if C2 and L5–S1 are not included and may lead to errors in lesion level.Purpose: To determine whether anatomic landmarks or external markers are reliable as an aid for accurate numbering of ...
BACKGROUND: Numbering of the thoracic spine on MRI can be tedious if C2 and L5–S1 are not included and may lead to errors in lesion level. PURPOSE: To determine whether anatomic landmarks or external markers are reliable as an aid for accurate numbering of thoracic vertebrae on MRI. MATER...
The guidelines for segmentation are laid out based on the points of origin and insertion, probable size, shape, and the position of the muscle groups relative to other recognizable anatomical landmarks as seen from typical axial MR images. 2D parameters such as muscle cross﹕ectional area (CSA...
However, it must be remembered that the transverse process of the thoracic spine is a true process, whereas the transverse process of the lumbar spine is actually a costal remnant.13 Thus, the anatomical scheme of the thoracic medial branches will vary slightly as compared to the lumbar medial...
Anatomical and physiological parameters affecting gastrointestinal absorption in humans and rats J.MDeSesso,C.FJacobson, inFood and Chemical Toxicology, 2001 In contrast, the lymphatic vessels from the stomach and intestines drain into the sac-likecisterna chyli, which is located on the ventralsurface...
Objective:To provide anatomic data for the modified subscapularis approach to the upper thoracic spine.Methods:21 upper thoracic spine specimens of adult human cadaver were divided randomly into 3 groups according to the costal incision:right high-left low,right low-left high and low incision groups...
Part II: An anatomical and radiographic assessment. M.: Placement of pedicle screws in the thoracic spine. Part I: Morphometric analysis of the thoracic vertebrae. J. Bone and Joint Surg., 77-A: 1193... AR Vaccaro,SJ Rizzolo,RA Balderston,... - 《Jbjs》 被引量: 574发表: 1995年...
Nevertheless, palpation in order to identify the correct location of anatomical landmarks is an essential prerequisite to ensure the reliability and reproducibility of postural analysis [36], and the spine is one of the regions of the body that provides the greatest difficulty for the examiner, ...
whereas the transverse process of thelumbar spineis actually a costal remnant.13Thus, the anatomical scheme of the thoracic medial branches will vary slightly as compared to the lumbar medial branches. The opening where the thoracic dorsal rami exits is also referred to as thecostotransverse forame...
The junction between the manubrium and body of the sternum (sternal angle) is a useful anatomical landmark as it marks the level of the bifurcation of the bronchi (carina) and the second rib. The process by which breathing is brought about is described in the sections ‘The muscles’ and...