water pollution/ AD 1985 to 2025AD 1880 to 1985diffusion modelseawateroceanthermal pollutionpollution effectsea waterThe relationship between greenhouse-gas forcing, global mean temperature change and sea-level rise due to thermal expansion of the oceans is investigated using upwelling–diffusion and pure...
waterexpansionthermal热膨胀experimentsea Thermal Expansion of Sea Water—an Experiment (teachers guide—suggested answers in red italics) Background Each water molecule includes one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms that share electrons in covalent bonds. Because oxygen atoms have a higher electron affi...
The relationship between greenhouse-gas forcing, global mean temperature change and sea-level rise due to thermal expansion of the oceans is investigated using upwelling–diffusion and pure diffusion models. The sensitivities of sea-level to short-timescale forcing and deep-water formation rate changes...
Sea level variability increasingly contributes to coastal flooding and erosion as global sea levels rise, partly due to the thermal expansion of seawater, which accelerates with increasing temperature. Climate model simulations with increasing greenhouse gas emissions suggest that future sea level variability...
If the stress exceeds the strength of the material, the material will shatter, quite possibly with disastrous consequences. On the other hand, some materials shrink with increasing temperature, giving rise to negative thermal expansion (NTE). Here we introduce the term ‘thermomiotic’ (from the ...
The main objectives of this study were to: (1) analyze the variation trends and cycles in water and thermal resources at annual and seasonal scales, (2) analyze the variation characteristics of grain yield and climate yield, and (3) discuss the correlations between climate indicators and grain...
These cryo-pedogenetic processes include ice segregation, frost heave and subsidence, up-freezing of coarse fragments, frost sorting, thermal contraction and expansion, and gelifluction. One important effect of these processes—on their own or in combination—is cryoturbation. This term refers to ...
Ocean thermal energy conversion is one of the promising renewable energy resources yet relatively unexplored due to its high capital cost for being utilize
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The influence of greenhouse warming on mesoscale air-sea interactions, crucial for modulating ocean circulation and climate variability, remains largely unexplored due to the limited resolution of current climate models. Additionally, there is a lack of theoretical frameworks for assessing changes in mesos...