colder surface, determined as the heat energy transferred per unit of time and per unit of surface area divided by the temperature gradient, which is the temperature difference divided by the distance between the two surfaces (the thickness of the material), expressed in watts per kelvin per ...
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An improved load resistor for a VLSI memory cell is formed in polysilicon by having P-type (such as boron) impurities in a middle region and n-type (such as phosphorous or arsenic) impurities on the sides, with the concentrations being in a range so that the thermal activation energy is ...
Alan Mantooth, in Model-Based Engineering for Complex Electronic Systems, 2013 7.1.5.2 Step 1: Thermal Resistor Model As we did for the electrical diode, we can create the model for a thermal resistor and define the top level details of the model. In this case, the model name is defined...
They are further coupled in series, with the conduction resistors corresponding to the three structural layers, which are denoted by R1, R2, R3, and eventually to the convective resistor Rconv,o. The equivalent thermal resistance is therefore: (5.123)Req=Rconv,i·RradRconv,i+Rrad+R1+R2+R3+...
In this paper, we report a novel resistor-based thermal sensor with an area of 0.01 mm2 in 65-nm process, an energy consumption of 0.9 nJ/conversion, and a conversion speed of 80 μs. This sensor is one of the smallest, fastest, and lowest energy sensors reported which utilize resistors...
1a, b). The nanowire widths (~100 nm) are comparable to the size of insulator/metal domains, as found in a previous study38, and further supported by resistor network simulations (Supplementary Note 1 and Fig. 1c–e)Footnote 1. The advantage of using such quasi-1D structures is that...
Here the “on” and “off” states are passively determined by the current operating conditions and a switching ratio can be defined as a figure of merit as in Eq. (2). In comparison to the traditional thermal switches and thermal regulators, our wide-range variable thermal resistor, shown ...
In conclusion, silicon resistor on SOI is a promising low-cost thermal sensor for a broad scope of low-power high-temperature applications. 展开 关键词: high-temperature sensors thermal resistor silicon-on-insulator DOI: 10.1016/S0038-1101(03)00080-7 ...
designers can determine whether a device requires a heat sink for thermal management by calculating thermal resistance using thermal circuit models and equations. These thermal circuit models are similar to resistor circuits using Ohm’s law. Figure 1 shows a thermal circuit model for a device with...