Theory of Change is a theoretical framework that explains how and why an initiative works by identifying the necessary preconditions and steps on the causal pathway to achieve a desired outcome. It helps in mapping out the chronological order of these preconditions and is used in the development ...
Any pattern of control which cuts through functional units can be potential problematical. Therefore, Christaller suggested the arrangement whereby lower order centers were entirely within the hexagon of the higher order center. And this may obviate such problems. This is shown in the diagram below....
although logic models outline the inputs, processes, outputs and outcomes of a programme in a similar manner to ToC, they can be rigid and do not make explicit the causal pathways through which change happens in the way that ToC does [3]. Similarly, although logframes were initially...
although logic models outline the inputs, processes, outputs and outcomes of a programme in a similar manner to ToC, they can be rigid and do not make explicit the causal pathways through which change happens in the way that ToC does [3]. Similarly, although logframes were initially...
If orbital relaxation is neglected by a change in the total number of electrons, thus Fukui functions are defined according to the frontier molecular orbital (FMO) approach as follows [62,63]: (12)fN0+(r)=ρN0+1(r)-ρN0(r)=ρLUMO(r) (13)fN0-(r)=ρN0(r)-ρN0-1(r)=ρHOMO(...
Let's use a dipole as an example to show how an antenna radiates. The goal of a dipole is to get the current to add in-phase and maximize its strength. Let's start with a balanced transmission line terminated with an open. With a balanced transmission line, when the current is going...
Manage preferencesfor further information and to change your choices. Accept all cookies We prove a conjecture of Buch and Mihalcea in the case of the incidence varietyand determine the structure of its (T-equivariant) quantumK-theory ring. Our results are an interplay between geometry and combina...
The rules above are all the rules of the game. You do not need to know any mathematics to play the game. But the game does have a mathematical interpretation. The grid is a commutative diagram. A red disk means the horizontal diagram is exact at that vertex, i.e. the image of the ...
Now we introduce a change of variables v = Bq which transforms A(λc) into diagonal, or if this is not possible, into Jordan form. As is well known, the transformation matrix B is composed by the eigenvectors or by the principal vectors of A(λc). Then eqn (2) takes the form: q...
subject to contradictions which are sources of change and development; • subject to the possibility of “expansive transformation”. Expansion is an important concept in Engeström’s work. Activity is an “expansive” process for Engeström (1987, p. 8) integral to learning, but not confine...