The renormalization method used today is the outgrowth of one hundred andfifty years of scientific study of thermal physics and phase transitions.Different phases of matter show qualitatively different behavior separated byabrupt phase transitions. These qualitative differences seem to be present in...
et al. Decoding internally generated transitions of conscious contents in the prefrontal cortex without subjective reports. Nat. Comm. 13, 1535 (2022). Article CAS Google Scholar Bellet, J. et al. Decoding rapidly presented visual stimuli from prefrontal ensembles without report nor post-perceptual...
“Infinite-dimensional vector spaces” shouldn’t scare us – in fact many of us encounter them in basic math. Functions are examples of such. After all, vectors are merely things we can scale and add to form linear combinations. Functions satisfy that too. That being said, if we are deal...
Nursing theoriesare organized bodies of knowledge to define what nursing is, what nurses do, and why they do it. Nursing theories provide a way to define nursing as a unique discipline that is separate from other disciplines (e.g., medicine). It is a framework of concepts and purposes inte...
Mathematical reasoning based on this presentation has to appeal constantly to the completeness clause, i.e., to the absence of any transitions other than those postulated. Small additions or changes in the laws can have unexpectedly gross or even rather subtle e ects on the theory. What is...
Restricting the covariant gravitational phase spaces to the manifold of parametrized families of solutions, the mass, angular momenta, entropies, and electric charges can be calculated by a single and simple method. In this method, which has been called the “solution phase space method,” conserv...
but whether they are radiatively forced or arise from internal variability continues to be intensely debated4. The well-measured record remains relatively short, and the natural climate variability of the Pacific is large. The tropical Pacific SST went through decadal regime-like transitions in the ...
The crucial difference is that the fermionic kinetic term (which, consistently with DR, is d-dimensional) introduces symmetry- breaking fL ↔ fR transitions, whereas with our choice (4.6) the interaction is purely four-dimensional and does not mediate such regularization-dependent transitions. In ...
Van Gennep studied the ceremonies that accompany transitions such as death, marriage and coming of age, and classified them into rites of separation, transition and incorporation, hypothesising that they were intended to smooth the potentially disturbing effects of an individual's transition from one ...
They do so, in most circumstances, in which they are brought into close proximity, and lose enough “heat energy” to undergo phase transitions. We might see a primitive, elemental form of “top down” effect, if we wish to, in the Benard cell situation.17But we can easily see “top ...