Here we show that an interleukin-4 fusion protein (Fc–IL-4), a typical type 2 cytokine, directly acts on CD8+ T cells and enriches functional terminally exhausted CD8+ T (CD8+ TTE) cells in the tumour. Consequently, Fc–IL-4 enhances antitumour efficacy of type 1 immunity-centric ...
Interleukin-4 (IL-4), a prototypical type 2 cytokine, has been reported to prolong the survival of T and B lymphocytes15,16. Here we proposed that IL-4 could rejuvenate the tumour-infiltrating exhausted T cells for enhanced cancer immunotherapy. We first produced a recombinant fusion protein ...
Work on myeloid cells has shown O-GlcNAc addition to viral-sensing proteins results in increased inflammatory cytokine production, including type-I interferons and IL-6 58, 59. Both cytokines are linked to therapeutic resistance of tumors, but administration of type-I interferons (IFN)s has also...
majority of mature eosinophils reside in peripheral tissues, particularly the mucosal lining of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. After recognizing endogenous alarmins, pathogen- and damage-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs/DAMPs), or cytokine stimulation, eosinophils activate. Activated eosinophils (CD11b...
Sara Moufarrij et al. found that DNMTi combined with HDAC6i could enhance the antitumor immune signal of OC cells. Treatment with HDAC6i and DNMTi led to amplification of the type I interferon response, increased cytokine and chemokine expression and upregulated MHC class-I antigen presentation...
[176,178], and might explain the increased heterogeneity in cultures of old progenitor cells. NF-κB, a protein involved in cytokine production, and interferon-gamma, a cytokine, are likely reprogramming barriers [180]. Another reason for high heterogeneity in reprogramming is the differential ...
One prerequisite that radiotherapy (RT) and chemotherapy (CT) result in anti-tumor immune responses is triggering of immunogenic cell death forms such as necroptosis. The latter is inducible by inhibition of apoptosis with the pan-caspase inhibitor zVAD-
Glioma is a highly heterogeneous brain tumor categorized into World Health Organization (WHO) grades 1–4 based on its malignancy. The suppressive immune microenvironment of glioma contributes significantly to unfavourable patient outcomes. However, the cellular composition and their complex interplays within...