The term lfc,s,r represents total store cattle numbers and lg is the area of the farm-type “lowland-grazing” in each soil/rain class (s) and region (r). 2.1.8. Feed availability Livestock numbers were also limited by total feed availability. The ME requirements of the livestock being...
Government expenditure and taxation have a significant influence on the long-term adaptation and resilience of societies to climate and other environmental shocks. Unprecedented fiscal spending in the COVID-19 recovery offered an opportunity to systematically enhance adaptation and resilience to future shock...
In coccolithophores, dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) exists in mutually exchanging intracellular reservoirs. The intracellular process responsible for the largest isotopic fractionation in these organisms is the conversion of inorganic carbon dioxide (CO2) to organic matter (carbon fixation), which has i...
(Binder et al., 2020) SARS-CoV-2 Rooms of patients in a hospital (North Carolina) NIOSH sampler 3.5 # of qRT-PCR positive samples< 4 µm: 2/195;> 4 µm: 1/195 No infectious virus was cultured from aerosol samples, which may be due to long-term (4 h) dry-phase...
The field of retinal prosthetics has seen significant advances in the past 3 decades. Encouraging results from different groups have shown coarse objective functional improvement, using a range of technological and surgical approaches. The Argus II retin
chains, such as providing self-produced heat for a local supply network; (2) on the social level, the interest in contributing to a secure supply with basic commodities such as food and energy; and (3) on the ecological level, the interest in proactively protecting long-term soil fertility...
In turn, most modern definitions avoid the term ‘life’ (a noun) and instead use ‘living’ (an adjective), pointing to the fact that life is more of a transient state affecting some matter: “a living being is any autonomous system with open-ended evolutionary capacities” (Ruiz-Mirazo ...
where LCOE is the levelized cost of electricity, i.e., the revenue required to break even (in $ per MWh), and E is the emissions intensity of the power plant in (tonnes CO2 per MWh). BECCS refers to the power plant scenario with carbon capture and storage (BECCS), and the ref nota...
Improving biodiversity can positively influence the ecosystem services provided in the long term, strengthening the resilience to environmental changes [215]. One of the most endangered animal categories in cities without plants is that of pollinating insects, being nectar and pollen primary sources for...
We reserve the term ‘CO2 fertilization’ solely to label the hypothesis that: plant responses to increasing atmospheric [CO2] lead to increasing terrestrial-ecosystem carbon storage, causing negative feedback on atmospheric [CO2] growth. This definition of the CO2-fertilization hypothesis is explicit ...