The synthesis of calf lens sphingomyelin occurs in vitro mainly by the transfer of the phosphorylcholine moiety of CDP-choline to the free primary hydroxyl group of ceramide. The enzymic activity appears to be present only in the epithelium and in the superficial fibre cells. n-acetyl-dl-...
The accumulation of lipids in atheromatous plaque and intraplaque hemorrhage in complicated lesions are shown in Fig. 1a, b, respectively. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining confirmed extracellular and intracellular intimal fat accumulation in atheroma and the presence of red blood cells in ...
insulin.210In this way, these tumors promote cell proliferation in an autocrine manner.30,211IGF-2 also binds to the IGF-1R, whereas IGF-1 binds to its own IGF-1R and to hybrid receptors of IGF-1R and IR-A as well as IGF-1R and IR-B.30,212Physiological concentrations of insulin sho...
Another similar technique is the entrapment of bioactive compounds in liposomes, which are 30 nm- to micrometre-sized spheres composed of bilayers of lipids (phospholipids, cholesterol) with polar head groups oriented toward the centre and the exterior of the sphere. They are an attractive choice ...
The effects of 24(S),25-epoxycholesterol (24,25EC) on aspects of cholesterol homeostasis is well-documented. When added to cells, 24,25EC decreases cholesterol synthesis and up-regulates cholesterol efflux genes, including ABCA1. Synthesis of 24,25EC occurs in a shunt of the mevalonate pathwa...
of cell membranes lead to the higher resistance to chemotherapy, and finally to the disturbances in signalling pathways. Namely, the increased levels of certain lipids, like for instance phosphatidylserine, lead to the attenuation of the immune system response. Also, changes in lipid saturation ...
However, the mechanisms governing the interaction of KM with FA metabolism and their functional consequences have not been characterized in sufficient detail to inform cancer therapy. FA are required for the synthesis of complex lipids, such as phospholipids (PL) or triacylglycerides (TAG), which ...
Lipids are essential constituents for malignant tumors, as they are absolutely required for tumor growth and dissemination. Provided by the tumor microenvironment (TME) or by cancer cells themselves through activation of de novo synthesis pathways, they
The oil-water interface is known to play a crucial role by being the location where lipids, oxygen, and pro-oxidants enter into contact (for reviews, see [3,4]). The large interfacial area typically found in emulsions promotes the exposure of lipids to pro-oxidant agents, and thus ...
Using MDCK cells, we have also demonstrated that the intracellular synthesis of SM is a requirement for the acquisition of the differentiated epithelial cell phenotype [53]. In the present work, we studied the role of SMS activity in the maintenance of the differentiated epithelial phenotype of ...