NLRP3 is an intracellular sensor protein that when activated by a broad spectrum of exogenous and endogenous stimuli leads to inflammasome formation and pyroptosis1,2. The conformational states of NLRP3 and the way antagonistic small molecules act at the
The NLRP3 inflammasome is a multimeric protein complex that initiates an inflammatory form of cell death and triggers the release of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18. The NLRP3 inflammasome has been implicated in a wide range of diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease, Prion diseases,...
Inactive, ADP-bound NLRP3 is a decamer composed of homodimers of intertwined LRR domains that assemble back-to-back as pentamers with the NACHT domain located at the apical axis of this spherical structure. Molecular contacts between the concave sites of two opposing LRRs are mediated by an ...
the NLRP3 inflammasome takes part in the regulation of inflammatory responses and has been implicated in various age-related chronic diseases. Inhibiting its activation holds promise for preventing
Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) is one of the most characterized of the inflammasomes that belongs to the NLR protein family and contains 22 members in the human [15,16]. NLRP3 reacts to a wide range of inflammatory infectious and endogenous ligands such as PAMPs and/or DAMPs; theref...
In monocytes, GPSM3 associates with the C-terminal leucine-rich repeat domain of NLRP3. Bone marrow-derived macrophages lacking GPSM3 expression exhibit an increase in NLRP3-dependent IL-1β, but not TNF-α, secretion. Furthermore, GPSM3-null mice have enhanced serum and peritoneal IL-1β ...
NLRP3 inflammasome;indirect PRRs;pyrin inflammasome;negative regulation;cage model 1. Introduction The inflammasome is a key component of the innate immune system, recognizing pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMP) to activate caspase-1, which secretes...
Furthermore, inflammasomes, activated by PAMPS and DAMPs, produce inflammatory response mediators, which leads to further activation of the immune system [7]. Considering its structure, which is delineated in Figure 1, the NLRP3 inflammasome consists of NLRP3, ASC, and the cysteine protease ...
To date, only NLRP1 and NLRP3 have been shown to form inflammasomes. These NLRPs bind the adaptor protein ASC, and the resulting inflammasomes activate procaspase-1. However, it was recently recognized that other members of the NLRP subfamily exhibit significantly different functions. Namely, ...
Recently, it has been suggested that autophagy acts as a regulator of NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Here, we describe our findings concerning the expression of MHC II as a marker of microglia senescence and NLRP3 inflammasome in bovine brains and the cross-talk between inflammasome, autophagy and...