Neuronal communication hinges on the release of neurotransmitters, which are stored in synaptic vesicles (SVs) located at the presynapse. SVs are one of the smallest cellular organelles and, as such, are highly subjected to Brownian thermal energy, which tends to homogenize their distribution within...
DNA topoisomerase II (TOP2) is an enzyme that resolves DNA topological problems and plays critical roles in various nuclear processes. Recently, a heterozygous H58Y substitution in the ATPase domain of human TOP2B was identified from patients with autism
In essence, the β2 adrenergic receptor (β2AR) plays an antiproliferative role by increasing the intracellular cyclic 3’,5’-adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) concentration through Gαs coupling, but interestingly, β2AR antagonists are able to effectivel
4A). As dZIP13 is located ER/Golgi, there is a possibility that its expression may only alter the intracellular distribution of metal ions rather than affect the total metal content of the fly. To better address this question, we further analyzed the genetic interaction of dZIP13H/D with ...
Additionally, overexpression of exogenous β1L in each β1L-reduced clone was sufficient to rescue both TERT expression (Figures 2E and S3H) and GABP binding at the mutant TERT promoter (Figure 2F). Taken together, these data confirm that the GABP tetramer-forming isoform β1L is necessary ...
The top and bottom layers consist of the uppermost and bottommost two planes, each plane is named as upper and bottom X,Y. The other layers of the SciBar are longitudinally divided in eight components, each of which is called a super block (SB, see Figure 2). At the moment, we are...
[8], often overlap because a κB site contains multiple G's at the 5' end and multiple C's at the 3' end with a high probability (Figure1). For a good κB site, when the sequence window is shifted by one base in either the 5' or the 3' direction the resulting sequence is ...
CircNRIP1 arises from the NRIP gene, which is located at chromosome 21 and consists of the head-to-tail splicing of exon 2 and exon 3 (16386664–16,415,895) (Fig.2a).To rule out the possibility that such head-to-tail splicing products may also derive from genomic rearrangements and ...
Oxidative stress is a primary cause of cellular senescence and contributes to the etiology of numerous human diseases. Oxidative damage to telomeric DNA has been proposed to cause premature senescence by accelerating telomere shortening. Here, we tested
8). Instead, they tend to be located at exposed positions to an extent comparable to divergent substitutions (Fig. 3c), despite the prediction that more exposed positions result in lower convergence probability28. Exposed sites are structurally less constrained, and substitutions in such sites are ...