Smokers to go through several stages: before considering, consider quitting, ready to quit smoking, quit smoking, maintain quit smoking or relapse. Quit smoking now, completely quit smoking or reduce gradually the number of smoking method, usually successful 3-4 months. ...
The results are compared with the pattern of the pros and cons of smoking and self-efficacy expectations found in U.S. samples.: In the first 2 stages, the expected positive outcomes of quitting discriminated better between the stages than self-efficacy, whereas for later stages, self-efficacy...
At 6 months, the probability for pre-contemplators to move up the stages was 0.47, whereas the probability for quitters to sustain in the action stage was 0.58. Interventions should be strengthened to motivate pre-contemplators towards quitting, and prevent quitters from being relaps...
To extend the quitting continuum to categorize smokers in the early stages of the process of smoking cessation. A prospective computer assisted telephone i... JP Pierce,AJ Farkas,EA Gilpin - 《Addiction》 被引量: 130发表: 1998年 Smoking Among Youths in China To inform a prevention strategy, ...
The association of smoking with infectious disease should be further studied in other settings. Our results also demonstrated the favorable effects of quitting smoking: after 10 or more years of smoking cessation, risk of total death is attenuated to almost the same level as that of never smokers...
2.Sincere Supplication to Allah: and this is what I did when I gave up smoking. I used to pray and supplicate to Allah the Almighty to help me give up smoking. And Praise to Allah, only then I started to hate this habit and it was the first step towards quitting smoking.I surely ...
The Stages of Gum Disease There are three stages that gum disease progresses by: Gingivitis: Improper dental hygiene is the most frequent cause of the earliest stage of gum disease. Gingivitis can either have no symptoms or cause your gums to swell, turn red, or bleed when flossing or brushi...
consider or think about something deeply. In the context of the “stages of change” model of addiction and behavior change, contemplation refers to the stage at which the person engaging in the addictive behavior begins to think about changing, cutting down,moderating, orquitting the addictive ...
A new FCB iCoach online tool (also available as a mobile app) was developed, which was theory-based to support smokers through the change process, and was designed to be relevant to smokers at all stages of the quitting process. The tool delivered personalised tips, advice and encouragement ...
This study examined the application of a Markov chain analysis for modeling transitions in the process of smoking cessation from the perspective of the Transtheoretical "Stages of Change" model. A convenience sample of 308 individuals, who were followed at 6-month intervals for a 30-month period,...