10.1 Measuring the Standard of Living Output per capita equals GDP divided by population. To compare GDP across countries, we use a common set of prices for all countries. Adjusted real GDP numbers are measures of purchasing power across countries, also called purchasing power parity (PPP) ...
D) multiplied by f(k*) divided by the depreciation rate. (完整版)中级宏观经济学付费版题库 8 开放经济 31。 If the per-worker production function is given by y = k1/2, the saving rate (s) is 0。2, and the depreciation rate is 0.1, then the steady—state ratio of capital to ...
Factors that shift the consumption and saving function are: Wealth Real interest rate Marginal Propensity to Consume (MPC) the fraction of thechangein disposable income that is consumed.It is calculated as the change in consumption expenditure (ΔC) divided by the change in disposable income (ΔY...
Overall, the negative wage effect on the incumbency advantage thus seems to be mainly driven by the increased rate of repeated candidacy by non-incumbent candidates. Once candidates select into repeated race, the increase in electoral competition by non-incumbents yet gets outweighed by the impact ...
be divided into two groups and debate On the two different VieWS mentioned in the following On intercultural CommUnication. State your POint Of VieW ClearIy and SUPPOrt your argument With ConVinCing and SUbStantial evidence. Pro: PeoPIC arc people: more interactions WOUId Iead to greater ...
~ The sacrifice shall be specialized and not caused by perils directly and the expense incurred shall be additional expense which is not within the operation budget. ~ The actions of the ships master shall be successful in saving the voyage. 4. What are the differences between the scope of ...
(Cashflow) is represented by the ratio of cash flow generated from operating activities to total assets; board independence (Dual) is a dummy variable—if the chief executive officer is also assumed as the chairperson of the board of direc- tors, Dual equals 1 and 0 otherwise; shareholding ...
A nation's nominal effective exchange rate (NEER), adjusted for inflation in the home country, equals its real effective exchange rate (REER). Investopedia / Laura Porter How to Calculate the Real Effective Exchange Rate (REER) A nation's currency may be considered undervalued, overvalued, or ...
The option-adjusted spread (OAS) refines the Z-spread by factoring in the impact of these options on the bond's value. Thus, it's the yield spread that investors would receive over a risk-free rate if a bond did not have any embedded options, such as call or put options. ...
Option price= $50 - $45 × e^(-risk-free rate x T), where e is the mathematical constant 2.7183. Assuming the risk-free rate is 3% per year, and T equals 0.0833 (one divided by 12), then the price of the call option today is $5.11. ...