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The rapid increase of carbon dioxide concentration in Earth’s modern atmosphere is a matter of major concern. But for the atmosphere of roughly two-and-half billion years ago, interest centres on a different gas: free oxygen (O2) spawned by early biological production. The initial increase of...
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Earth’s atmosphere and oceans are rich in oxygen, but this wasn’t always the case. The oxygenation of the Earth’s ocean and atmosphere was the result ofphotosynthesis, a process used by plants and other organisms to convert light into energy – releasing oxygen into the atmosphere ...
Nitrogen:a gas with no colour or taste which forms about 78% of the Earth's atmosphere and is a part of all things which live氮(气) Ozone:a poisonous form of oxygen臭氧 6.And suddenspikesleave inhabitantsgasping. Spike:to rise quickly and reach a high value迅速升值;急剧增值: ...
The resulting ozone layer 臭氧层in the earth‘s atmosphere reduced the penetration穿透 of ultraviolet light. As a result, cells would survive in shallow water浅 滩and on the land surface. The increasing quantity of atmospheric oxygen also permitted the evolution of aerobic 需氧的cells and cellular...
The history of the life–Earth system can be divided into five ‘energetic’ epochs, each featuring the evolution of life forms that can exploit a new source of energy. These sources are: geochemical energy, sunlight, oxygen, flesh and fire. The first tw
The oxygen content of Earth's atmosphere has varied greatly through time, progressing from exceptionally low levels before about 2.3 billion years ago, to much higher levels afterward. In the absence of better information, we usually view the progress in Earth's oxygenation as a series of steps...
Barlow E, Van Kranendonk MJ, Yamaguchi KE, Ikehara M, Lepland A (2016) Lithostratigraphic analysis of a new stromatolite-thrombolite reef from across the rise of atmospheric oxygen in the Paleoproterozoic Turee Creek Group, Western Australia. Geobiology 14(4):317–343. https://doi.org/10.1111...
The last 3.85 Gyr of Earth history have been divided into five stages. During stage 1 (3.85-2.45 Gyr ago (Ga)) the atmosphere was largely or entirely anoxic, as were the oceans, with the possible exception of oxygen oases in the shallow oceans. During stage 2 (2.45-1.85 Ga) atmospheric...