In Buddhism, it’s called craving orattachment: that nagging desire for more or for something different than what is. When we strive for constant happiness or pleasure, we attach ourselves to a feeling that is,
The purpose of life is “Pleasure,” and the avoidance of pain (algos). Prudence (practical wisdom) is considered the main means to achieve a happy life (eudaimonia), which guarantees the observance of limits even in enjoyment and the correct choice of what we will prefer or avoid (...
Do they make behavioral trade-offs between the avoidance of pain and the pursuit of other valuable goals like finding a new shell or finding food? And to the extent that they do behave that way, we can become more confident that they can experience pain and suffering. This gives us ...
Which of the following refers to the pursuit of pleasure and avoidance of pain? a. Skepticism b. Stoicism c. Hedonism d. Materialism. Which emotional state is most likely to be a cause of aggression? (a) pride (b) disgust (c...
People are motivated not only by a quest for satisfaction but also by an ambition to live up to their sense of what is moral. This sense cannot be reduced to a form of satisfaction or pleasure maximization because, among other reasons, it often engenders pain and sacrifice. Further more, ...
In her fiction, utilitarianism as utility, the pursuit of pleasure, utility, avoidance of pain, and calculation of pleasure over pain (the "felicific calculus") is shown by her, paradoxically, often to lead to wrongdoing, suffering, and even crime. For some of her protagonists, however, it...
Thus Rousseau's education of the young Emile confines itself to fostering the development of the faculties immediately connected with his preservation. His desire for the pleasant and avoidance of the painful is given by nature. His senses are the natural means to those ends. And the physical sc...
Processing of the incentive for social approval in the ventral striatum during charitable donation. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 22, 621–631 (2010). Article PubMed Google Scholar Kohls, G. et al. The nucleus accumbens is involved in both the pursuit of social reward and the avoidance of social ...
Authenticity has long captured the imagination of literary figures, philosophers and scientists. The construct originated in Aristotelian thinking and serves as an injunctive societal norm in contemporary society. Although people have been fascinated wit
Table of definitions 1. Introduction 2. Pain and pleasure as a phylogenetically old motivation system 3. The brain anatomy of pain 4. Chronic pain, central sensitization, centralized pain: an integrative approach 5. Pain and suffering are different 6. Suffering involves salience and context 7. Su...