EarlylifeformsonEartharosefromtheprocessofphotosynthesis. ThedevelopmentofcomplexlifeonEarthdependedonthepresenceofbacteria thatcouldbeconsumedbylargerorganisms. ComplexlifeformsonEarthmaynothaveevolvedifEarthhadbeenfartherfrom orclosertotheSun. Paragraph2 Earth’searliestatmospherecontainedseveralgases...
A simplified quantum-mechanical picture of the primary process in photosynthesis is presented, and the mechanism of electron-hole separation in this picture is compared with the corresponding mechanism in a silicon solar cell. An appendix discusses the application of Frenkel exciton theory to the ...
Photosynthesis is a complex, multistage process. Its main parts are (1) the primary photochemical process in which light energy absorbed by chlorophyll is converted into chemical energy, in the form of some energy-rich intermediate products; and (2) the enzyme-catalyzed “dark” (that is, not...
The emergence of oxygenic photosynthesis created a new niche with dramatic potential to transform energy flow through Earth’s biosphere. However, more primitive forms of photosynthesis that fix CO2into biomass using electrons from reduced species like Fe(II) and H2instead of water would have competed...
Pn4CLs were involved in the process of pepper resistance to P. capsica [46]. Infection of Arabidopsis with spores of Peronospora parasitica strongly induced At4CL1 and At4CL2 mRNA expression [46]. Despite a large number of previous studies, the regulatory mechanisms of 4CL in response to ...
Root exudates are plant-derived, exported metabolites likely shaping root-associated microbiomes by acting as nutrients and signals. However, root exudation dynamics are unclear and thus also, if changes in exudation are reflected in changes in microbiom
Here, we first describe oikoplastic epithelium development after observing the formation of distinct cellular territories. To elucidate the developmental mechanisms at work during this process, we initiated a candidate gene approach, beginning by mapping the expression of multiple homeobox genes on the ...
HS memory is an important and active process that allow plants to acquire thermotolerance to respond more efficiently when plants encounter stresses more than once. Plants have evolved several HS memory strategies, including generational memory (over several days or weeks) (Perrella et al.2022; Bala...
Engineering α-carboxysomes into plant chloroplasts to support autotrophic photosynthesis ArticleOpen access25 April 2023 Main The CO2-fixing enzyme Rubisco mediates the entry of roughly 1014kilograms of carbon into the biosphere each year1,2,3. However, in many plants Rubisco fixes CO2at less than...
Photosynthesis, the major function of chloroplasts and chlorophyll, is a unique procedure in nature, wherein energy is produced directly from light, and is thus one of the first evolutionary processes developed in the early stages of life’s emergence. The exact mechanism of photosynthesis in ...