The physics of neutron stars is a remarkable combination of Einstein’s theory of general relativity and nuclear physics. Their interiors harbour extreme matter that cannot be probed in the laboratory. At such high densities and pressures, their cores may consist predominantly of exotic matter, such...
While the linear solution to the Boltzmann equation includes a velocity-dependent Coulomb collision rate, the typical suprathermal electron will travel nearly collisionlessly through the length of the experiment (Supplementary Methods 1). The upward slant of the blue and red features in the vz >...
Rearranging the equation yields a new equation of the form: Speed = Wavelength • Frequency The above equation is known as the wave equation. It states the mathematical relationship between the speed (v) of a wave and its wavelength (λ) and frequency (f). Using the symbols v,λ, and ...
equation ( 6.22 ) gives a correction to the electron yukawa coupling of order \(\mathcal{o}(\xi ^6)\) . the term in the second line of ( 6.20 ) leads to an up quark yukawa coupling of the right order of magnitude \(\mathcal{o}(\xi ^5)\) , provided \(t_3\) and \(d...
The noncommutative QED (NCQED) has a non-Abelian nature due to the presence of 3- and 4-photon vertices in the lagrangian. Thus, NCQED predicts a new physics contribution to the γγ→γγ scattering already at the tree level. We have examined NCQED by studying the light-by-light ...
The goal of this list is to succinctly catalog various growth algorithms and lab experiments along with relevant math, physics, and programming concepts in one place in order to (1) serve as a sort of "cheat sheet" reference for developers and computer artists, and (2) spark new insights ...
For instance, it leads to an integral equation for the high-spin limit of twist-two operators (also known as the cusp/soft anomalous dimension) at finite coupling. In fact, this result appears to be a part of the corresponding analytic answer for *every* four-dimensional gauge theory ...
We compute the critical manifold for this situation and study the associated slow flow to explain this phenomenon; we find that the saddle equilibrium point lies in the middle of a saddle-unstable sheet of the critical manifold, and it is an attractor with respect to the slow flow on the ...
As a confined thin sheet crumples, it spontaneously segments into flat facets delimited by a network of ridges. Despite the apparent disorder of this process, statistical properties of crumpled sheets exhibit striking reproducibility. Experiments have sh
Equation (6) tells that theλIIIof the collagen fiber bundle can be estimated from the diameterDand SHG light intensityISHGif the constantsk1,k2, andk3are readily determined. In this study, to determine the relationship between fiber bundle diameter and SHG light intensity for type I collagen...