molecular markers or methodologies, cryptic species, microdiversity, and biased sampling. Several estimates are bound to the evolutionary divergence captured by the ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene or functional genes, which may miss fine-grained diversity or could introduce biases. For...
Examination of species concepts that focus either on interbreeding or on common descent leads us to conclude that several alternatives are acceptable from the standpoint of phylogenetic systematics but that no one species concept can meet the needs of all comparative biologists. 展开 ...
Davis (1995) distinguishes four different Phylogenetic Species Concepts that, in the terminology of this book, are (1) Hennigian, Cladistic and Internodal Species Concepts ; (2) monophyly version of the Phylogenetic Species Concept; (3) diagnosability version of the Phylogenetic Species Concept; and...
Modern coexistence theory emphasizes that dissimilarities in average fitness and niche complementarity determine the species coexistence (Chesson, 2000), which means that resource competition and niche differentiation, often seen as drivers, are central to the process (Zirbel and Brudvig, 2020; Gavril...
Their phylogenetic and physiologi- cal diversity is considerably greater than that of animals and plants and their interactions with other life forms are correspondingly more complex. Understanding the ecology of micro- organisms is arguably one of the most compelling intellectual challenges facing ...
Mental Health Statistical Manuals, such as the ICD-10, classify IQ scores ranging from 35 to 70, evidencing moderate to mild mental retardation. Becker, however, clarifies that low national IQ scores are plausible given the correspondence between cognitive development and phylogenetic cultural patterns...
the moderating effects of age emphasizes an important insight for facilities like zoos and aquariums which provide immersive experiences for children and adults. Whereas mere embodiment may suffice in inspiring youth to take action, it may be that message factors (e.g., source credibility, gamificati...
This includes variation in genetic, phenotypic, phylogenetic, and functional attributes, as well as changes in abundance and distribution over time and space within and among species, biological communities and ecosystems. Biosphere All the ecosystems of the world considered together. It includes the ...
genes conserved across large phylogenetic distances are likely to be essential. Thus, if one compares two genomes that have diverged from a common ancestor a very long time ago (1,500 million years ago in this example), the genes in common will be highly enriched for those that carry out ...
Considering the broad phylogenetic range of the MAGs encoding and expressing these transformations, we next identified the important polyphenol-active lineages in Stordalen Mire. To do this, we defined two metrics of importance derived from the metatranscriptome data: (1) polyphenol talent, the number...