In doing this, they abruptly exchanged one extreme for another and never achieved the proper harmony of inductive and deductive approaches. Now we enter another period of theoretical domination, and, regardless of the significance of apparent scientific progress, so far as experience and actual ...
演化的观点在1859年11月被强烈地聚焦,当时查尔斯·达尔文出版了《On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection》(图1.16),这是有史以来最重要和最有影响力的书之一,。《The Origin of Species》阐述了两个主要观点。第一个观点是,当物种随着时间适应不同的环境,它们会累积与其祖先的差异。达尔文将这...
The Law of Effect was advanced by psychologist Edward Thorndike in 1898, some 40 years after Charles Darwin published his groundbreaking work on biological evolution, On the Origin of Species. This simple law holds that organisms tend to repeat successful behaviors and to refrain from performing uns...
reachingofalltheseintellectualchangeswastheDarwinianrevolution.TheworldviewformedbyanythinkingpersonintheWesternworldafter1859,whenOntheOriginofSpecieswaspublished,wasbynecessityquitedifferentfromaworldviewformedbefore1859.Itisalmostimpossibleforamodernpersontoprojectbacktotheearlyhalfofthenineteenthcenturyandreconstructthe...
detailed and accessible discussion of his theories and adds an account of the immediate responses to the book on publication. The resistances as well as the enthusiasms of the first readers cast light on recent controversies, particularly concerning questions of design and descent. ABOUT THE SERIES...
Since English biologist Charles Darwin published On the Origin of Species in 1859, scientists have vastly improved their knowledge of natural history. However, a lot of information is still of the speculation, and scientists can still only make educated guesses at certain things....
Scientists, looking for an (77) to the origin of man created evolutionism, which also (78) answers to questions dealing (79) similarities between species. Unlike the theory of creation, which states that the complexity of life can only be explained (80) a supernatural creator, the theory of...
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