state of a character in a taxon. This might be caused, for example, by a broken specimen. For the missing-value case, we derive the expectation and expected variance, as well as suggest an asymptotic frequency distribution, of the number of evolutionary steps on random evolutionary trees (...
Prolonged female postreproductive life—hereafter menopause—is an evolutionary oddity that has puzzled biologists and anthropologists for decades. In human societies, women living under natural survival and fertility can expect to spend an average of 42.5% of their adult life postreproductive1. This co...
Our work sheds light on the evolutionary history of patchouli and offers unprecedented genomic resources for fundamental patchouli research and elite germplasm development.Similar content being viewed by others The genome of Magnolia biondii Pamp. provides insights into the evolution of Magnoliales and ...
With the increasing number of species described in the genus, the similarity between Thielavia and Chaetomidium became gradually clear. Chaetomidium was considered to be the non-ostiolate counterpart of Chaetomium (Ch.) and was consistently placed in the Chaetomiaceae (Zopf, 1881, Saccardo, ...
GPT-FATHOM: BENCHMARKING LARGE LANGUAGE MODELS TO DECIPHER THE EVOLUTIONARY PATH TOWARDS GPT-4 AND BEYOND; Shen Zheng et al L2CEval: Evaluating Language-to-Code Generation Capabilities of Large Language Models; Ansong Ni et al Revisiting Out-of-distribution Robustness in NLP: Benchmark, Analysis...
Sex pheromone communication in moths has attracted the attention of evolutionary biologists due to the vast array of pheromone compounds used, addressing questions of how this diversity arose and how male reception has evolved in step with the female sig
effective population size in two sampling sites from the IP. Using the wealth of data provided by RAD-seq, we sequenced a total of 50 sharks from six sites in the IP and one in the AO (Fig.1) in order to shed light on the complex evolutionary history of the tiger shark. We first ...
The Evolutionary Mystery: Crocodile Survives A Even though crocodiles have existed for 200 million years, they’re anything but primitive. As crocodiles’ ancestors, crocodilia came to adapt to an a…
evolutionary relatedness of viruses, precluding robust comparative analyses involving diverse viral taxa. Notably, the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) has been strongly advocating for taxon names to also reflect the evolutionary history of viruses18,19. However, the increasing use ...
jasmonates in plants. Moreover, comparing fern genomes with those of other land plants reveals changes in gene families important for the evolutionary novelties within the euphyllophyte clade. These results lay a foundation for studies on fern genome evolution and function, as well as the origin ...