“这个词本身直到1604年才出现在新拉丁语的结构媒介aevum(中世纪)中,而后创造了形容词mediaevalis(中世纪的)。(令人奇怪的是,只有英语才使用复数形式Middle Ages,而其他欧洲语言则使用拉丁语来保持单数,比如moyen âge、Mittelalter、medio evo等等) 当我们把中世纪称为“黑暗时代(Dark Ages)”时,问题就又有多的了。
关于刻板印象女巫,人们严肃讨论的始起年代是1480s,“女巫狂热(witch hysteria)”最活跃的时期是1560s到1630s。很明显,理查德·基克费林(Richard Kieckhefer)在他的《中世纪魔法(Magic in the Middle Ages)》一书中,除了最后几页之外,根本没有讨论刻板印象中的女巫,而女巫审判的兴起主要被视为中世纪(2000、194-200...
The Middle Ages is a period in European history between the 5thand 15thcenturies, dated from 476 AD to 1453. The term mainly refers to the period between the decline of the Roman empire and the Renaissance. The Middle Ages period is divided into three ages, which are known asEarly Middle ...
[听力原文]11-13 In ancient times the most important examinations were spoken, not written. In the schools of ancient Greece and Rome, testing usually consisted of saying poetry aloud or giving speeches. In the European universities of the Middle Ages, students who were working for advanced degre...
In ancient times, the most important exams were spoken, not written. In the schools of ancient Greece and Rome , testing usually consisted of saying poetry or giving speeches. In the European universities of the Middle Ages, students who were working for advanced degrees had to discuss questions...
In the European universities of the Middle Ages, students who were working for advanced degrees had to discuss questions in their field of study with people who had made a special study of the subject. This custom exists today as part of the process of testing candidates for the doctor’s ...
In ancient times, the most important exams were spoken, not written. In the schools of ancientGreece and Rome, testing usually consisted of saying poetry or giving speeches. In the European universities of the Middle Ages, students who were working foradvanceddegrees had to discussquestions in th...
1 阅读理解 In ancient times the most important examinations were spoken, not written. In the schools of ancient Greece and Rome, testing usually consisted of saying poetry aloud or giving speeches. In the European universities of the Middle Ages, students who were working for advanced degrees had...
In ancient (古代) time the most important examinations were spoken, not written. In the schools of ancient Greece and Rome, testing usually consisted of saying poetry aloud or giving speeches. In the European universities of the Middle Ages, students who were working for advanced degrees had to...
Facts on File Dictionary of Cultural and Historical Allusions: From the Middle Ages Through the 20th Century.Bickley, Dorothy