IVW, inverse variance weighted; LD, linkage disequilibrium; LDL-C, LDL cholesterol; LIF, liver inflammation and fibrosis; NAFLD, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; NASH, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis; PC, princ
RatioCIConfidence IntervalICD-10International Classification of Diseases-10REReflux EsophagitisNERDNon-Erosive Reflux DiseaseFF-statisticEAFEffective Allele FrequencySEStandard ErrorIVWInverse-variance-weightedMR-EggerMendelian Randomization Egger regressionMR-PRESSOMendelian Randomization Pleiotropy RESidual Sum and ...
To meta-analyze individual CpG results across different cohorts, we used the meta R package. The evidence for heterogeneity of study effects was tested using Cochran’s Q statistic92. The inverse-variance weighted fixed effects model was applied to synthesize statistical significance from individual co...
sex, batch, and principal components (PCs) of ancestry 1–10 as determined by the GENetic EStimation and Inference in Structured samples (GENESIS)74, and subsequently inverse normalized. The association between these values and genetic variants...
In essence, meta-regressions are essentially regression models where the outcomes of one or more explanatory factors have been used to forecast the amount of variance. Meta-regressions were conducted to examine associations between sample characteristics and SRDE prevalence estimates [40]. When an expl...
The image processing can be addressed from two different points of view: as an image restoration technique or as an image enhancement method: (i) The image restoration aims to recover a degraded image using a model of the degradation and of the original image formation; it is essentially an...
In larger samples IPTW using the propensity score method may however be a useful alternative. Williamson et al. demonstrated the large sample equivalence between the IPTW-W variance estimator and the analysis of covariance variance estimator theoretically and via simulation. Our simulation results ...
the tone and structure of falsehoods do not show much variance, which points to a highly globalized online media environment. Given those findings, we argue that even though implementing country-specific strategies (e.g., improving scientific literacy in a country where it is currently weak) is...
If the trial-to-trial variance is assumed to be zero, i.e. σγ2=0, the distribution becomes(B.7)γˆ∼N(Tβ,σt2U),such that the model can be estimated via weighted least squares (WLS):(B.8)βˆ=(TTU−1T)−1TTU−1γˆ. On the other hand, if inter-stimulus-int...
input. The variance stabilizing transformations (VST)66,67,68function was used to estimate the sample differences65. The VST function does not remove variation that can be associated with batch or other covariates. So, we used the “removeBatchEffect” function for remove batch variations65. ...