Based on these arguments, I sketch an alternative approach to the nature of medical research that I argue is superior to EBM's hierarchy of evidence for both epistemological and ethical reasons. Finally, I consider the implications of my proposed alternative for the way in which secondary ...
Receiving a favor from another person may induce a negative feeling of indebtedness for the beneficiary. In this study, we explore these hidden costs by developing and validating a conceptual model of indebtedness across three studies that combine a larg
Individuals whose willingness to volunteer in a clinical trial may be unduly influenced by the expectation, whether justified or not, of benefits associated with participation, or of a retaliatory response from senior members of a hierarchy in case of refusal to participate. Examples are members of ...
providing direct lines of evidence for human-horse interactions that can be identified in ancient material assemblages. Most significantly, the discovery of “bit wear”– damage caused by a bridle mouthpiece to the equine dentition4,5—helped crystallize the emerging discipline of equine paleopathology...
Background: In the hierarchy of research designs, the results of randomized, controlled trials are considered to be evidence of the highest grade, whereas observational studies are viewed as having less validity because they reportedly overestimate treatment effects. We used published meta-analyses to ...
Chris Thompson of Safer Futures shared that he “…thought the standard, confidence and professionalism of the student pitches and research was exceptional.” The hierarchy of live briefs has been produced to assist lecturers in deciding how best to use live briefs in their teaching and push for...
Observational versus experimental studies: what's the evidence for a hierarchy? 来自 Semantic Scholar 喜欢 0 阅读量: 52 作者: J Concato 摘要: The tenets of evidence-based medicine include an emphasis on hierarchies of research design (i.e., study architecture). Often, a single randomized, ...
research forward62,63, relatively few of these include naturalistic stimuli (cf. movie-viewing paradigms in Cam-CAN64,65, HBN66, HCP S120063). On the other hand, maturing standards and infrastructure67,68,69have enabled increasingly widespread sharing of smaller datasets from the “long tail”...
Klaus Hasselmann’s revolutionary intuition in climate science was to use the stochasticity associated with fast weather processes to probe the slow dynamics of the climate system. Doing so led to fundamentally new ways to study the response of climate models to perturbations, and to perform detectio...
In this Perspective, we highlight that whereas deep learning and predictive coding assume an underlying hierarchy, neurobiological evidence suggests that hierarchical structures might not be as central to neural processing as commonly thought. Although we do not contest that hierarchical inference can be...