The final product of glycolysis is pyruvate, which is converted to lactic acid by lactate dehydrogenase-A (LDHA). Thus, metabolic reprogramming from oxidation to glycolysis produces large amounts of lactate in cancer cells7. To prevent intracellular acidification, cancer cells release lactate into ...
Metabolomics reflects the plant status at a given point, enables the detection of changes imperceptible by phenotype-based biomarkers, and, as metabolites are the final product of gene and protein expression despite the metabolome not being fully associated with the plant genome, enlightens about NP...
40,41most tumors ferment glucose to lactate even under sufficient oxygen supply, which in normal cells of the same tissue would shuffle pyruvate, the end product of glycolysis, into the
Our overall goal was to assess glucose partitioning between the HBP and glycolysis. We aimed to develop a LC-MS method that enables reproducible and quantitative measurements in heart tissue of unlabeled and 13C-labeled UDP-GlcNAc, which is the final HBP intermediate. In addition, we aimed to ...
Proteins are the final products of gene expression and their expression levels directly correlate with cellular function. Thus, in order to fully understand the molecular mechanisms involved in the response of citrus plants to Las-infection, it is imperative to inquire beyond the transcriptional level...
The upregulation of these proteins allowed the metabolic flow to α-d-glucose 1-phosphate, which can be used as an intermediate substrate to participate in glycolysis, pentose and glucuronate interconversions, etc. As the intermediate product of glycolysis, pyruvate participates in sugar metabolism, ...
kinase enzyme M2 isoform (PKM2) is the third and final rate-limiting enzyme. PKM2 transfers phosphate from phosphoenolpyruvate to ADP and produces ATP molecule. PKM2 is the fine-tune regulator for cell energy generation since pyruvate, the product from PKM2, goes either into the TCA under ...
Tested CFSs or fractions from molecular filtration diluted in DMEM were added at the final concentration of 33% (v/v) in 200 µl DMEM medium. Fractions obtained from protein purification methods were added into the wells at the final concentration of 5% (v/v). The confluence of cells as...
Proteome analysis is a valuable technique for studying protein expression of organisms in different biological and experimental contexts [3], as well as for finding and annotating novel or unknown genome sequences [4]. Proteins are the final product of gene expression, and essentially the catalytic...
Here, we investigated intracellular metabolism in PANC-1 human pancreatic cancer cells as a representative model of solid tumor cells. Replacement of sugar source dramatically decreased the release of lactate, the final product of the glycolysis, confirming that changing the sugar source in the ...