The extracellular matrix (ECM) is primarily composed of structural and regulatory proteins and polysaccharides and is generated and maintained by cells. Many cellular functions, such as proliferation, migration or differentiation are regulated by the ECM1. Each organ and tissue is composed of a distin...
What are the shapes of epithelial cells? When considering the function of the extracellular matrix, what is the function of the cytoskeleton? 1. What is Cytology? 2. What is Histology? What is the main determinant of connective tissue properties? a. The characteri...
CCNs are a family of extracellular matrix proteins that regulate diverse aspects of cellular functions, and are involved in inflammation and tissue repair. Deregulation of CCN proteins is associated with many diseases; CCN proteins contribute to fibrosis, cancer and arthritis, as well as diabetic nep...
Our data prove that the origin of the tumor extracellular matrix is dual and comes from both the tumor cells and the stromal cells, as might well have been expected. However, our analyses provide semi-quantitative estimates of the origins (tumor cell or stromal cell) for over a hundred ECM...
The global population of older individuals is growing, and ageing is a key risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. Abnormal accumulation of senescent cells can cause potentially deleterious effects on the organism with age. As a vital ma
(3) Lysosomes regulate intracellular and extracellular pH to ensure cancer cell survival [41, 42]. Due to aerobic glycolysis, the production of lactic acid in cancer cells is increased, resulting in an increase in the intracellular H+ concentration. The resulting acidic microenvironment seriously ...
Metabolic reprogramming is known as an emerging mechanism of chemotherapy resistance, but the metabolic signatures of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDACs) remain unclear. Here, we characterize the metabolomic profile of PDAC organoids and classify them into glucomet-PDAC (high glucose metabolism leve...
Prominin-1 (CD133) is a cholesterol-binding membrane glycoprotein selectively associated with highly curved and prominent membrane structures. It is widely recognized as an antigenic marker of stem cells and cancer stem cells and is frequently used to is
What are the optimal strategies and urgent challenges for liquid biopsy to monitor lung cancer treatment in the near future? Introduction Lung cancer is one of the most deadly and common types of cancer in the world [1]. Based on histopathology, lung cancer is often clinically classified into ...
The disc is composed of two stacked epithelial mono-layers: the bottom pseudostratified disc proper epithelium (DP) and the overlying squamous peripodial epithelium (PPE, see Fig. 1a). The basal side of each monolayer of this epithelial ‘sandwich’ is surrounded by an extracellular matrix (ECM...