Meiosis is similar to mitosis in many ways, but there are a couple of important differences. First of all, even though meiosis starts with a diploid cell (a primary oocyte or primary spermatocyte), its end products are 4 haploid daughter cells, each with 23 chromosomes. Instead of being c...
Within this specialized closed structure, the cleistothecium, cytoplasmic and nuclear fusion occur followed by successive rounds of meiosis and mitosis generating sac-like asci containing 8 ascospores, the end-product of sexual replication. Generation of congenic strains in H. capsulatum is challenging...
Meiosis, in contrast, is the shared feature for eukaryotic sex. In fact, the problem of maintenance of sex can be largely referred to the question: “What is meiosis good for?” About 20 major hypotheses have been proposed to explain the paradox of sex, and three main theories attempt to...
The green signal in the middle of X+4 has switched its location to the distal end of 1p+4 as a result of the inversion (Figure 1b). Because no inversion loop has been detected during meiosis of male black muntjacs [24], the whole 1p+4 should remain heterosynaptic except for the two...
Fungal genes were predicted using the EST version of the self-training GeneMarkS algorithm. To refine the EST database, we compared EST sequences by BLASTN to a set of 454 pyrosequencing-generated contigs and Sanger BAC-end sequences derived both from the Pt genome, and to ESTs and genome...
Our study design enabled us to determine whether MLP-induced DNA damage was converted into CSA before the end of meiosis, during postmeiosis, or after fertilization. MLP induces paternal chromosomal damage at first-cleavage zygote metaphase after both meiotic and post-meiotic exposures. Male mice ...
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These DNA breaks are repaired by homologous recombination, which facilitates proper chromosome segregation and enables the reciprocal exchange of DNA segments between homologous chromosomes2. A pathway that depends on the MLH1–MLH3 (MutLγ) nuclease has been implicated in the biased processing of ...
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An ascus is a bag that carries four or eight ascospores, which represent the products of meiosis. Appressorium A specialized infection cell that is used by plant pathogenic fungi to penetrate the host plant surface using either mechanical force and/or enzymatic action to breach the cuticle. ...