The distribution of annual incomes differs from the distribution of lifetime income partly because of short run fluctuations because of such things as sickness, unemployment, and unusual gains, and partly because different individuals are at different points in their life cycles. The vertical ...
So far, the focus has been on inequality in labor earnings. However, there have also been changes in the distribution of earnings between capital and labor: in particular, labor’s share of national income has decreased in many countries. Figure 22 shows this pattern for the world’s four l...
FinancialDevelopment,Growth,andtheDistributionofIncomeAuthor(s):JeremyGreenwoodandBoyanJovanovicSource:TheJournalofPoliticalEconomy,Vol.98,No.5,..
at the same time, the proportion of China’s labor income has been declining, and the lag of labor compensation growth has been increasing. To explain this phenomenon, existing literature explored the impact of trade liberalization on China’s labor income, labor productivity...
a:i 'll coming :我意志来[translate] aif prices are prevented from affecting the distribution of income,they cannot be used for other purposes.the only alternative is command. 如果价格被防止影响收入分配,他们不可能为仅其他purposes.the选择使用是命令。[translate]...
10.Other firms, however, may absorb higher wages by accepting lower profits. That would change the distribution of the economic pie, raising the “labour share”, or the proportion of GDP paid to workers as wages. Our analysis suggests that the labour share in the G7 has risen by about ...
We stabilized and increased grain acreage, expanded the production of soybeans and other oil-yielding crops, improved the composition and geographic distribution of agricultural production, and increased per unit crop yield and the quality of grains. We refined policies to support grain production, ...
Relevant data show that from 1978 to 2006, the average annual income of our residents increased by 6.7%, far behind the growth rate of the same period. "The key to adjusting the income distribution structure is two proportions: one is the proportion of labor remuneration in the initial distri...
gross income distribution from 1944 to the present, as reported in Statistics of Income (Ref. 6), a U.S. Treasury Department annual publication. In doing so we fully realize the limitations of that data; for example, the possibility of gross dishonesty in citizens reporting their income. ...
{cd}\)) in SI Fig.S6. The distribution of upstream exposure by income group in SI Fig.S7reveals a different picture than for downstream risk. Most risk is between low- and middle-income countries and high-income countries neither create nor are exposed to large amounts of risk. The ...