Since the discovery of the Giant Magnetoresistance (MR) effect in Fe/Cr magnetic multilayers [1], most of the experiments have been carried out with the measuring current in the plane of the multilayer, the so-called Current-In-Plane (CIP) geometry. The reason is simple: it is very easy...
ALBERT FERT and PETER GRÜNBERG for the discovery of Giant Magnetoresistance. 2006 The prize is being awarded jointly to: JOHN C. MATHER and GEORGE C. SMOOT for their discovery of the blackbody form and anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background radiation 2005 The prize is being awa...
The first major breakthrough in spintronics was the discovery of thegiant magnetoresistance(GMR) effect in 1988. Working independently, AlbertFertin France and PeterGrünbergin Germany found that in a material consisting of alternating layers of magnetic and nonmagnetic atoms a very small change in a...
The discovery of GMR in a second class of material expands the options for optimizing magnetoresistive properties for specific technological applications.doi:10.1038/379053a0Shimakawa, Y.Kubo, Y.Manako, T.NatureGiant magnetoresistance in Ti2Mn2O7with the pyrochlore structure. Shimikawa Y,Kubo Y,...
giant O isotope shiftferromagnetic perovskitesFERROMAGNETIC perovskites of the form La 1–X Me x MnO 3–Y (where Me is Ca or Sr) have been known 1 since 1950, but there has been a recent resurgence of interest following the discovery of giant magnetoresistance in this class of compounds 2,...
for the discovery of the electron, the 2007 Nobel Prize for Physics was awarded to Professors Peter Gruenberg and Albert Fert for the discovery of giant magnetoresistance (GMR) in which the spin as well as the charge of the electron is manipulated and exploited in nanoscale magnetic materials. ...
The 2007 Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to Albert Fert and Peter Grfinberg for the discovery of giant magnetoresist- ance(GMR).GMR is observed in artificial thin-film materials com- posed of alternate ferromagnetic and nonmagnetic layers after mak- ing an effort to explore the indirect exch...
Formorian giant with evil eye. [Irish Myth.: Benét, 76] Beaver, Tony equals mythical exploits of Paul Bunyan. [Am. Lit.:Up Eel River] Bellerus a Cornish giant. [Br. Lit.: BrewerHandbook, 108] Blunderbore nursery tale giant killed by Jack. [Br. Lit.: BrewerDictionary, 128] ...
which 'measures' the local orientation of spins in ferromagnets. The picture started to change in 1988, when the discovery of giant magnetoresistance opened the way to efficient control of charge transport through magnetization. The recent expansion of hard-disk recording owes much to this development...
Astronomers improved our understanding of the cosmos by zeroing in on the origins of ultra-high energy cosmic rays and providing the best-ever map of dark matter in the universe. While the Nobel Prize in Physics – awarded for the discovery of giant magnetoresistance – demonstrated how investing...