Gao China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China and Northwest University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China 3.01.1 INTRODUCTION 3.01.1.1 What is the Continental Crust? 3.01.1.2 The Importance of Determining Crust Composition 3.01.2 THE UPPER CONTINENTAL CRUST 3.01.2.1 ...
GaoChinaUniversity ofGeosciences, Wuhan, People’sRepublicofChinaand Northwest University, Xi’an, People’s Republic ofChina3.01.1INTRODUCTION3.01.1.1What is the Continental Crust?3.01.1.2The Importance ofDetermining Crust Composition3.01.2THE UPPER CONTINENTAL CRUST3.01.2.1Surface Averages3.01.2.2...
Continental Avg. 35 km (22 mi) 2.7 g/cm3 Felsic All types Oceanic Crust Figure 1. Gabbro from ocean crust Oceanic crust is composed of mafic magma that erupts on the seafloor to create basalt lava flows or cools deeper down to create the intrusive igneous rock gabbro (Figure 1). Sediment...
reflectsthetwodistincttypesofcrustfoundon ourplanet.Thelow-lyingoceaniccrustisthin (,7kmonaverage),composedofrelativelydense rocktypessuchasbasaltandisyoung(#200Ma old)(seeChapter3.13).Incontrast,thehigh- standingcontinentalcrustisthick(,40kmonave- ...
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The Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB), otherwise known as the Altaid tectonic collage, is now celebrated for its accretionary tectonics and massive juvenile crustal production in the Phanerozoic. It is composed of a variety of tectonic units, including Precambrian microcontinental blocks, ancient ...
1.(Physical Geography) one of the earth's large land masses (Asia, Australia, Africa, Europe, North and South America, and Antarctica) 2.(Physical Geography) that part of the earth's crust that rises above the oceans and is composed of sialic rocks. Including the continental shelves, the...
Earth's crustisa thin shellon the outside of Earth, accounting for less than 1% of Earth's volume. Thethin partsare theoceanic crust, which underlie the ocean basins (5–10 km) and are composed of dense iron magnesium silicate igneous rocks, likebasalt. Thethicker crustiscontinental crust,...
Para. 2:Hills and mountains are under the forces of destruction, the higher the mountain, the youger it is. Para.3 Constructive forces: plates crashing into each other earthquake:fracutre of crust volcanic activity para.4&5&6:Destructive forces: various forms of weather ...
oxygen level from 16% to 30% of the present atmospheric level (PAL). Furthermore, the distribution pattern of rare earth elements and the concentrations of water-insoluble elements in the carbonates indicate a sudden enhancement in chemical weathering of the continental crust during the early ...