HBV is an enveloped DNA virus of theHepadnaviridaefamily. The oligomerization of its core protein (HBc) generates an icosahedral capsid approximately 34 nm in diameter, containing a relaxed circular (rc) partially double-stranded (ds) DNA genome of 3.2 kb3. The capsid is processed in associa...
2. HBV Replicative Cycle The virus replicative cycle (Figure 3) starts with binding L-HBsAg with the sodium taurocholate contransporting polypeptide (NTCP) to mediate the entry of the viral particle into hepatocytes [12]. The virus is endocytosed and transported to the nucleus while the viral ...
Vaccines for the hepatitis B virus (HBV), a risk factor of hepatocellular cancer, and human papillomavirus (HPV), a risk factor of cervical cancer, are considered major successes in clinical chemoprevention of cancer. In Taiwan, the first evidence of cancer prevention through vaccinations was ...
The human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines consist of major capsid protein (L1) virus-like particles (VLP) and are highly efficacious against the development of cervical cancer precursors attributable to oncogenic genotypes, HPV16 and HPV18. A degree of vaccine-induced cross-protection has also been dem...
RNA viruses have a significantly higher mutation rate (about million times) than their hosts, which is associated with changes in evolvability and virulence, both of which are regarded favorable for viral adaptability [8]. The chief reason for its global spread is their associated mutations that ...
Maini et al., The role of virus-specific CD8(+) cells in liver damage and viral control during persistent hepatitis B virus infection. J Exp Med 2000;191:1269-1280. Menendez-Arias et al., Nucleoside/nucleotide analog inhibitors of hepatitis B virus polymerase: mechanism of action and resistan...
To confirm that the neutralizing antibody was successfully induced by the VLP vaccines after boost immunization, viral titers were measured in vitro (Figure 2E,F). As shown in Figure 2F, high levels of virus-neutralizing antibody responses were observed from the sera of immunized mice compared to...
There was no discernible pattern between oral lesions in HIV patients and the timing of treatment initiation, T-cell counts (CD4+ and CD8+), the ratio of CD4 to CD8 cells, or viral load. Treatment duration appears to have a protective influence on periodontal disease, specifically in relation...
HBV infection Data from 923 participants, including complete hematologic factors, was analyzed in November 2021. The presence of periodontitis was inferred from the residual bone levels discernible in the panoramic X-rays. Periodontitis presence determined the patient studies.From a cohort of 923 KT ...
On the HBV genome, all open reading frames (ORFs) largely overlap, are identically oriented and encoded by the negative DNA strand. Essential for the production of new HBV genomes is the transcription of an over-length pregenomic RNA (pgRNA), which encodes both the viral polymerase and the ...