In 7% specimens quadrivial pattern was seen in right upper lobar bronchus in which it divided into four bronchi. Conclusion: The knowledge of anatomy and variation in branching pattern of the tracheo-bronchial tree enables the physicians to recognize clinical picture and pathology of human lungs, ...
In summary, based on our observation, we proposed that the MLA is originated from the variation of B3, and the MLA independently influences the branching pattern of PV in LUD in turn. The different types of MLA (pM-type and wM-type) may come from the similar development process. The infl...
This allowed us to assign diameters to the segments of the flow-branching pattern. We modeled the bronchial trees of four mammals and found that their statistical features were in good accordance with the morphometric data. We conclude that our design method is appropriate for robust generation of...
Although Streaker mutants with heterotaxy usually showed RPI with three or four lung lobes bilaterally (Fig. 4e,i), the epiarterial branching pattern of the bronchi was often discordant, exhibiting LPI (Supplementary Table 2). The liver, spleen and stomach showed discordant abdominal left–right ...
The branching pattern of the conducting airways is significantly asymmetrical in the human, and even more so in other species. Although this asymmetry is b... CG Phillips,SR Kaye - 《Respiration Physiology》 被引量: 98发表: 1997年 Simulation of lung function evolution after heart-lung transplant...
The cardiovascular apparatus is a transport circuit that carries blood cells, oxygen and nutrients to cells of the body’s organs, and wastes produced by working cells to their final destinations (mainly lungs, liver, and kidneys). It is involved in both
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Quantitative analyses of cell shape during tracheal morphogenesis of the fruit fly have elucidated mechanisms for tube length regulation19,20. In mammals, the branching lung buds have been completely mapped, and the genetic regulations of these complex and stereotyped airway structures have been determin...
branching mode of the segmental and subsegmental bronchi; 22 bifurcations were categorized as monopodial branching, two bifurcations were not categorized as any branching pattern, and the only lingular bronchus that bifurcated from the left superior lobar bronchus was categorized as dipodial branching....
1.(Anatomy) any of the tubular vessels that convey oxygen-depleted blood to the heart. Comparepulmonary vein,artery 2.(Zoology) any of the hollow branching tubes that form the supporting framework of an insect's wing 3.(Botany) any of the vascular strands of a leaf ...