The premotor and supplementary motor cortices, cerebellum, and the basal ganglia are all implicated in these motor processes, but their precise contribution varies according to the demands of the task. Auditory processing pathways include dorsal and ventral streams, with the dorsal stream, which ...
Electronic data interchangeInformation processingWarehousingdoi:10.1016/S1353-8020(09)70674-1M. BrownQ. AlmeidaL. FitzgeorgeE. BuckolzElsevier LtdParkinsonism & Related Disorders
The substantia nigra (SN), subthalamic nucleus (STN), and red nucleus (RN) are small and important subcortical nuclei in the basal ganglia, located in the midbrain that are involved in fundamental processes such as motor control, emotion and cognition [1]. Because they are directly next to ...
These varying latencies suggest that more than one mechanism is involved in the effects of estrogen on basal ganglia output. In addition, estrogen may also act on some regions in the mesolimbic DA system. While estrogen may act indirectly via the catechol estrogens and prolactin, it has been ...
in the neocortex and subcortical nuclei. In all pAGD cases including diffuse-form cases, the severity of neuronal loss gradually increased not only in the limbic system but also in the temporo-frontal cortex, basal ganglia, and brain stem nuclei with the progression of Saito AG stage. In ...
Neurotransmitter interactions in the basal ganglia editors, M. Sandler, C. Feuerstein, B. Scatton Raven Press, c1987 JM Trugman - 《Yale Journal of Biology & Medicine》 被引量: 18发表: 1987年 Dopamine-glutamate interactions in the basal ganglia The basal ganglia are involved in complex brain...
We also find that learned changes in the song generated by the AFP are incorporated into the motor pathway within 1 day. Our observations support a view that basal gangliarelated circuits directly implement behavioral adaptations that minimize errors and subsequently stabilize these adaptations by ...
The hsaFOXP2 affects mostly subcortical circuits, in particular the basal ganglia which are specifically involved in speech processing. Monkeys and nonhuman apes are equipped with homologous subcortical circuits, and songbirds’ subcortical circuits are analogous but do not represent homologous structures (...
in fishes and amphibians, while it is a simply layered region in reptiles and aves, but a large intricate multilayered cortex in mammals3. In contrast, the subpallial regions or the subpallium, the deep-seated basal ganglia (striatum and pallidum), are highly conserved in vertebrates with ...
In a striking display of trans-kingdom symbiosis, gut bacteria cooperate with their animal hosts to regulate the development and function of the immune, metabolic and nervous systems through dynamic bidirectional communication along the ‘gut–brain axis’. These processes may affect human health, as...