Earth, third planet from the Sun and the fifth largest planet in the solar system in terms of size and mass. Its single most outstanding feature is that its near-surface environments are the only places in the universe known to harbor life. Learn more ab
Plutonian mean solar day**6.3874 Earth days inclination of equator to orbit (obliquity)120° mean surface temperatureabout 40 K (−387 °F, −233 °C) surface pressure (near perihelion)about 10−5bar number of known moons5 Theatmosphereof Pluto ...
In subject area: Earth and Planetary Sciences Potential temperature refers to the temperature an air parcel would have if it were expanded or compressed adiabatically from its existing pressure to a pressure of 1000 mbar or 100 hPa. From: International Geophysics, 2012 ...
The back side of the Sun is not visible from Earth, but it can be observed by the space mission Stereo which launched two spacecraft, both staying on the same orbit the Earth has around the Sun, but one progressing ahead and the other behind. At various times, the spacecraft have been...
The thermochemical structure of lithospheric and asthenospheric mantle exert primary controls on surface topography and volcanic activity. Volcanic rock compositions and mantle seismic velocities provide indirect observations of this structure. Here, we
Things really warm up when radiation from a star reaches a spot in space with a lot of particles. This gives the radiation from stars like thesunsomething to actually act upon. That’s whyEarthis a lot warmer than the region between our planet and its star. The heat comes from particles...
increase of internal energy from solar radiation. Meanwhile, the high mid-infrared emission in the specific wavelength range (8–13 μm) directly transfers heat through the transparent atmospheric window into outer space by full power thermal radiation, reducing undesired input infrared radiation ...
The same receivers are also used to observe molecules in outer space, this being the astrophysical share of the project. Among the atmospheric lines that can be observed, we find two corresponding to molecular oxygen (118.75 GHz and 487.25 GHz). These lines can be used for retrievals of the...
across the 2–32keV range. The auroral substorm onset occurred at 05:36 UTC. At 05:44 UTC (Fig. 2.8C), a structure with elevated temperatures in the range of 6–10keV appear in the dusk quadrant near the MMS spacecraft. The temperatures measured in-situ by MMS agree within a few ...
Paul A.Mason,Peter L.Biermann, inHabitability of the Universe Before Earth, 2018 5.3The Circumstellar Habitable Zone For more than a half a century, a cornerstone ofastrobiologyis that there exists a shell surrounding a star called thehabitable zone, characterized bystellar luminosityand temperature...