W.: 1987, 'Increase of ion kinetic temperature across a collisionless shock, 2, A simulation study', J . Geophys . Res . 9 2, 13, 438–13,446.Lee, L. C. , M. E. Mandt , and C. S. Wu ( 1987 ), Increase of ion kinetic temperature across a collisionless shock: II. ...
Thus generated plasma flows can be employed for the experiments of aerodynamic heating and heat protection systems but also to reveal the physical phenomenon across a shock wave in a high-temperature plasma flow. In this chapter, a 20 kW-class arc-heated wind tunnel operated at Department of ...
Across the interaction, the nearly constant time-scale ratio found in most parts of the boundary layer is generally smaller than the commonly accepted value of 0.5. The near-wall asymptotic behavior of the temperature variance is verified. Bidimensional empirical mode decomposition is adopted to ...
In order to provide a comprehensive analysis of this behaviour and the causes leading to it, this work comprises both experimental results, and dislocation dynamics simulations across the length and timescales. Thus, section 2 reports recent experimental results pertaining to FCC aluminium and BCC iron...
These are the temperature drop across the conductor insulation and the temperature drop across the oil film at the winding surface. Since the windings contain oil and cellulosic insulation, both of which are susceptible to thermal deterioration, limits have been established for temperature rises in ...
This anomalous thermal strengthening across several pure metals is the result of a change in the controlling deformation mechanism from thermally activated strengthening to ballistic transport of dislocations, which experience drag through phonon interactions1,8,9,10. These results point to a pathway to...
Aero-engine is a key part of aircraft, the operating temperature of which is being pushed to unprecedented levels for higher engine efficiency and performa
Microanalysis (SEM) indicated that decreasing temperature resulted in freeze brittleness of the fracture surfaces, characterized by reduced flatness and an expansion of brittle cracks across the damage surface. The slip separation phenomenon became increasingly pronounced, and these observations were ...
Panel A shows the mean duration (in days), the mean number of $1 billion or more disasters in the same state-year as the EHST event, and the number of firms per year with EHST events for 4389 events over 2003–2017. Panel B shows the distribution of the 4389 EHST events across the...
FIGURE 1. Schematic of a toroidal plasma being heated ohmically. The plasma acts as the secondary circuit of a transformer. Also shown is a plot of the magnetic pressure and plasma pressure across the minor radius of the toroid. The current in the plasma loop is also easily measured. From...