The flow speed of the mucus layer actually increases as the mucus moves toward the airway opening. The rate in the small airways is approximately 0.5 to 1 mm per minute; in the central airways, the linear veloc
The forced oscillation technique allows for a highly detailed and reproducible assessment of lung function in subjects from neonate mice to humans. This technique consists of applying an oscillatory waveform to the subject’s airways opening and measuring the pressure, flow and volume signals resulting...
This process includes assessing the airway for potential challenges, such as limited mouth opening or neck mobility, and using appropriate techniques and devices like oropharyngeal airways, bag-valve-mask ventilation, and endotracheal intubation. Proper post-intubation care is essential to confirm the ...
Potential difficulty with facemask ventilation, laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation may be underestimated in patients with pathology of the tongue, epiglottis, glottic opening or larynx. These are not always addressed during the usual bedside airway assessments. Presence or absence of signs and symptoms...
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved several breath tests for clinical use. For example, exhaled nitrile oxide is related to asthma and airway inflammation, and alkanes to heart transplant rejection [15]. Breath air analysis provides an alternative to invasive methods and has many ...
The current assisted coughing techniques recommended for airway clearance mainly include manually assisted coughing (MA)20; mechanical insufflation (MI), which produces a cough after the inspiration supplied by a ventilator21; mechanical exsufflation (ME), which presents the negative pressure at the ...
Calcium (Ca2+) propagates within tissues serving as an important information carrier. In particular, cilia beat frequency in oviduct cells is partially regulated by Ca2+ changes. Thus, measuring the calcium density and characterizing the traveling wave p
Doorduin3 and L. M. A. Heunks4 Abstract Background: Dynamic pulmonary hyperinflation may develop in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary dis- ease (COPD) due to dynamic airway collapse and/or increased airway resistance, increasing the risk of volutrauma and ...
Perioperatively, CO monitoring has become virtually routine for certain high-risk patients and in major surgeries, where large fluid shifts are expected. 2. History The technique was first described in 1870 by Adolf Fick [1], who computed an animal's CO by utilizing oxygen concen- trations ...
Let’s begin by discussing the basics of rodent handling. One of the most common methods for moving either an adult mouse or rat is by lifting the animal by its tail. While doing this, it is imperative that the tail be grasped at the base near the rump. If the animal is lifted by ...